Sci-Hub

1781617601

E-Cadherin-Negative Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Breast: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 2004

Primary small cell carcinoma of the breast is exceedingly rare, with fewer than 25 reported cases. The case presented herein is that of a 61-year-old woman with a 2.5-cm mass of the left breast. She underwent mastectomy with axillary node dissection. Histologic examination revealed sheets and nests of small, hyperchromatic, malignant cells with indistinct nucleoli and scant cytoplasm. High-grade solid and comedo ductal carcinoma in situ also was present. Two of 5 axillary lymph nodes contained metastatic disease. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated weak immunoreactivity for cytokeratin, neuron-specific enolase, and bcl-2. This histologic and immunohistochemical profile was consistent with that of a primary small cell carcinoma. Interestingly, this neop...

1781617601

Synthesis, intervalence characteristics and electrochemistry of pentacarbonyl-molybdenum(0) and -tungsten(0)-μ-cyano penta-ammineruthenium(III) mixed-valence complexes

Polyhedron, 1994

Two new mixed-valence compounds of the form [(OC)5M′0(μ-CN)RuIII (NH3)5](CF3SO3)2 (M′ = Mo, W) have been synthesized and characterized. Both exhibit moderately intense (ϵmax ≈ 3000 M−1 cm−1) and similar intervalence charge transfer transitions in the visible spectrum with coupling parameters (α2 ≈ 1.5%; Hrp ≈ 1700 cm−1) and band characteristics closely related to their isoelectronic group VIII analogues, [(NC)5M′II(μ-CN)RuIII(NH3)5]Li·3H2O (M′ = Ru, Os), indicating Robin-Day Class II behaviour. The carbonyl bimetallics show pronounced solvatochromic effects. The intervalence charge transfer energy varies linearly at 205 cm−1 per Gutmann solvent donor number from 895 nm in nitromethane to 546 nm in hexamethylphosphoramide, represent...

1781617601

Discovery and Characterization of a Fully Human Monoclonal Antibody Inhibitor of Plasma Kallikrein for the Treatment of Plasma Kallikrein-Mediated Edema

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2013

Plasma kallikrein (pKal) is a serine protease responsible for generating the vasodilator bradykinin, and is mainly regulated by C1 inhibitor (C1-INH). Patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE) have deficient levels of functional C1-INH, leading to unpredictable attacks of debilitating edema via dysregulated pKal-mediated bradykinin generation. Inhibition of pKal is a viable therapeutic option for HAE, as demonstrated by the efficacy of ecallantide, a specific pKal inhibitor, for treatment of acute HAE attacks. There remains an unmet medical need for a non-intravenous, long-lasting prophylactic treatment for HAE. We used an antibody phage display library to identify a fully human antibody inhibitor specific for pKal, verified by in vitro enzyme inhibition ass...

1781617601

Effects of soiling and cleaning on the reflectance and solar heat gain of a light-colored roofing membrane

Atmospheric Environment, 2005

A roof with high solar reflectance and high thermal emittance (e.g., a white roof) stays cool in the sun, reducing cooling power demand in a conditioned building and increasing summertime comfort in an unconditioned building. The high initial solar reflectance of a white membrane roof (circa 0.8) can be lowered by deposition of soot, dust, and/or biomass (e.g., fungi or algae) to about 0.6; degraded solar reflectances range from 0.3 to 0.8, depending on exposure. We investigate the effects of soiling and cleaning on the solar spectral reflectances and solar absorptances of 15 initially white or light-gray polyvinyl chloride membrane samples taken from roofs across the United States. Black carbon and organic carbon were the two identifiable strongly absorbing...

1781617601

Chebyshev domain truncation is inferior to fourier domain truncation for solving problems on an infinite interval

J Sci Comput, 1988

“Domain truncation” is the simple strategy of solving problems onyε [-∞, ∞] by using a large but finite computational interval, [− L, L] Sinceu(y) is not a periodic function, spectral methods have usually employed a basis of Chebyshev polynomials,T n(y/L). In this note, we show that becauseu(±L) must be very, very small if domain truncation is to succeed, it is always more efficient to apply a Fourier expansion instead. Roughly speaking, it requires about 100 Chebyshev polynomials to achieve the same accuracy as 64 Fourier terms. The Fourier expansion of a rapidly decaying but nonperiodic function on a large interval is also a dramatic illustration of the care that is necessary in applying asymptotic coefficient analysis. The behavior of the Four...

1781617601

Realizable solutions of the Thouless-Anderson-Palmer equations

Phys. Rev. E, 2019

We show that the only solutions of the TAP equations for the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model of Ising spin glasses which can be found by iteration are those whose free energy lies on the border between replica symmetric and broken replica symmetric states, when the number of spins $N$ is large. Convergence to this same borderline also happens in quenches from a high temperature initial state to a locally stable state where each spin is parallel to its local field; both are examples of self-organized criticality. At this borderline the band of eigenvalues of the Hessian associated with a solution extends to zero, so the states reached have marginal stability. We have also investigated the factors which determine the free energy difference between a stationary s...

1781617601

The Evolution of Annual and Perennial Plant Life Histories: Ecological Correlates and Genetic Mechanisms

Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst., 2020

Flowering plants exhibit two principal life-history strategies: annuality (living and reproducing in one year) and perenniality (living more than one year). The advantages of either strategy depend on the relative benefits of immediate reproduction balanced against survivorship and future reproduction. This trade-off means that life-history strategies are associated with particular environments, with annuals being found more often in unpredictable habitats. Annuality and perenniality are the outcome of developmental genetic programs responding to their environment, with perennials being distinguished by their delayed competence to flower and reversion to growth after flowering. Evolutionary transitions between these strategies are frequent and have consequen...

1781617601

The Prevalence of Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Based on an Interferon-γ Release Assay: A Cross-Sectional Survey among Urban Adults in Mwanza, Tanzania

PLoS ONE, 2013

Introduction One third of the world’s population is estimated to be latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (LTBI). Surveys of LTBI are rarely performed in resource poor TB high endemic countries like Tanzania although low-income countries harbor the largest burden of the worlds LTBI. The primary objective was to estimate the prevalence of LTBI in household contacts of pulmonary TB cases and a group of apparently healthy neighborhood controls in an urban setting of such a country. Secondly we assessed potential impact of LTBI on inflammation by quantitating circulating levels of an acute phase reactant: alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in neighborhood controls. Methods The study was nested within the framework of two nutrition studies among TB pat...

1781617601

Intraperitoneal Calcitriol in Infants on Peritoneal Dialysis

Perit Dial Int, 2007

Background Calcitriol has long been used as the main therapy in renal osteodystrophy, but the efficacy of the oral route is not always as high as expected. Objective To asses the safety and efficacy of intraperitoneal calcitriol in infants undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). Patients and Methods PD patients on oral calcitriol therapy, with serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) >1000 pg/mL during the previous 3 months of treatment, were switched to intraperitoneal calcitriol therapy, 1 μg twice per week. Dose was increased to 1 μg three times per week if PTH remained >1000 pg/mL, and was later readjusted. Target PTH was 200 – 300 pg/mL according DOQI guidelines. Statistics: All results are expressed as mean ± SE. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used t...

1781617601

Gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-receptor antagonists

The Lancet, 2001

Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the pituitary secretion of both luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and thus controls the hormonal and reproductive function of the gonads. Blockade of GnRH effects may be wanted for a variety of reasons-eg, to prevent untimely luteinisation during assisted reproduction or in the treatment of sex-hormone-dependent disorders. Selective blockade of LH/FSH secretion and subsequent chemical castration have previously been achieved by desensitising the pituitary to continuously administered GnRH or by giving long-acting GnRH agonists. Only recently have GnRH-receptor antagonists, that immediately block GnRH's effects, been developed for clinical use with acceptable pharmacokine...

1781617601

Comparison of Trap‐state Distribution and Carrier Transport in Nanotubular and Nanoparticulate TiO₂ Electrodes for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

ChemPhysChem, 2010

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) with nanotubular TiO(2) electrodes of varying thicknesses are compared to DSCs based on conventional nanoparticulate electrodes. Despite the higher degree of order in one-dimensional nanotubular electrodes, electron transport times and diffusion coefficients, determined under short-circuit conditions, are comparable to those of nanoparticulate electrodes. The quasi-Fermi level, however, is much lower in the nanotubes, suggesting a lower concentration of conduction band electrons. This provides evidence for a much higher diffusion coefficient for conduction band electrons in nanotubes than in nanoparticulate films. The electron lifetime and the diffusion length are significantly longer in nanotubular TiO(2) electrodes than in...

1781617601

In Reply

The Journal of Hand Surgery, 2007

Thank you for your letter dated December 8, 2006, in which I learned about Dr. Eglseder’s article that appeared in the American Journal of Orthopaedics in 2001, addressing a condition similar to the one described in our recent article “Trapeziectomy and Internal Ligament Reconstruction with the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus for Osteoarthritis of the Trapeziometacarpal Joint: Surgical Technique and Long-Term Results.”I deeply regret not having read Dr. Eglseder’s article because I agree with him that it would have been pertinent to our article. Thank you for your letter dated December 8, 2006, in which I learned about Dr. Eglseder’s article that appeared in the American Journal of Orthopaedics in 2001, addressing a condition similar to the one desc...

1781617601

Cytological and cytochemical (RNA) studies on rubral neurons after unilateral rubrospinal tractotomy: The impact of GM₁ ganglioside administration

J of Neuroscience Research, 1989

The rubrospinal tract (RST) was cut unilaterally at C2–3 segment in 21 rats that were killed 3, 7, 10, 14, 28, 60, and 90 days later. Additionally, 14 rats, killed 14 or 28 days after lesioning, were treated postoperatively by daily intraperitoneal injections of GM1 ganglioside. Six unoperated, untreated rats served as controls. In untreated animals, axotomized neurons of the magnocellular division of the red nucleus (RN) exhibited cytoplasmic, nuclear, and nucleolar atrophy 7–10 days postoperatively. Atrophy progressed through the 90th postoperative day. Regression analyses disclosed a bimodal pattern to cytoplasmic and nucleolar atrophy, with an initial rapid phase changing to a slower but progressive mode from 14 days postoperatively. Nuclear atrophy ...

1781617601

Minimizing flowtime in a flowshop scheduling problem with a biased random-key genetic algorithm

Expert Systems with Applications, 2019

In this paper, we advance the state of the art for solving the Permutation Flowshop Scheduling Problem with total flowtime minimization. For this purpose, we propose a Biased Random-Key Genetic Algorithm (BRKGA) introducing on it a new feature called shaking. With the shaking, instead to full reset the population to escape from local optima, the shaking procedure perturbs all individuals from the elite set and resets the remaining population. We compare results for the standard and the shaking BRKGA with results from the Iterated Greedy Search, the Iterated Local Search, and a commercial mixed integer programming solver, in 120 traditional instances. For all algorithms, we use warm start solutions produced by the state-of-the-art Beam-Search procedure. Compu...

1781617601

Factors associated with HIV and syphilis co-infection among men who have sex with men in seven Chinese cities

Int J STD AIDS, 2014

Summary HIV-syphilis co-infection is often cited as a major reason behind recent resurgence in syphilis prevalence among men who have sex with men in China. Most published literatures explore factors associated with either HIV or syphilis, but not their co-infection. We analysed data from a cross-sectional survey on men who have sex with men in seven Chinese cities. Snowball sampling was used to recruit participants for the survey. Socio-demographic and behavioural predictors for HIV-syphilis mono/co-infection were examined using ordinal logistic regression. Factor scores were used to summarise (1) HIV-related knowledge and (2) access to HIV preventive services. Prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and their co-infection, among 2936 self-identified men who have sex ...

1781617601

The Effects of Aging on the Eruptive Behavior of the Mandibular Incisor in Male Rats

Connective Tissue Research, 2002

Several studies have highlighted the lack of age changes in the extracellular matrix of the periodontal ligament, but more needs to be known about cellular and functional changes (including the effects upon eruption). For this study, impeded and unimpeded eruption rates were measured over a 2-week period for the mandibular incisors of a group of 24-month-old rats. The technique used for measuring eruption was similar to that described by Bryer [15]. Both impeded and unimpeded eruption rates were found to be significantly increased (p < .01) compared with those obtained from a group of rats aged 8 weeks. These changes might be related to changes in the mechanism(s) responsible for the generation of the eruptive force(s) or to changes in the resistance of the ...

1781617601

Effect of hydrogen on the structural and phase state and the deformation behavior of the ultrafine-grained Zr–1Nb alloy

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2015

Abstract The formation of an ultrafine-grained structure with predominantly high-angle grain boundaries and an average grain size of grain–subgrain structure elements of 0.4 μm in zirconium alloys was shown by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The formation of such structure was found to result in the significant increase of the ultimate and yield strengths in comparison with the initial fine-grained state. The strength characteristics of ultrafine-grained Zr–1Nb–0.22H alloy are higher than the corresponding characteristics of the Zr–1Nb alloy. The presence of hydrogen in the solid solution of the ultrafine-grained Zr–1Nb–0.22H alloy during tension at room temperature is found to prevent the development of plastic deformation ...

1781617601

THE DIAGNOSIS OF MITRAL STENOSIS

JAMA, 1919

Mitral stenosis has not been generally regarded as a common valvular lesion. In the examination of 25,813 soldiers, mitral stenosis was diagnosed in 0.56 per cent., while the diagnosis of mitral regurgitation was made in only 0.43 per cent. In a previous communication, the strict criteria used in diagnosing mitral regurgitation were recorded.1 The definite recognition of mitral stenosis is based on the presence of a presystolic or diastolic, apical murmur2with or without other classical signs or symptoms. The characteristic type of heart's action is a physical sign of paramount importance. In well-marked cases, when there is hypertrophy, the almost ringing first sound, the accentuated second pulmonic, the small pulse and symptoms, the diagnosis is simple. Ho...

1781617601

Structural correlation of catecholase-like activities of oxy-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complexes

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 2001

Eight oxy-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complexes with catecholase-like sites, [Cu(L1)X]2 (HL1=1-diethylaminopropan-2-ol, X=N3− 1, NCO− 2, and NO2− 3), [Cu(L2)X]2 (HL2=N-ethylsalicylaldimine, X=NO3− 4, Cl− 5, N3− 6, NCS− 7), and [Cu(L3)]2(ClO4)2 8 (HL3=N-(salicylidene)-N′-(2-pyridylaldene)propanediamine) have been prepared and characterized. The single crystal X-ray analysis show that the structures of complexes 6 and 8 are dimeric with two adjacent copper(II) atoms bridged by pairs of μ-oxy atoms from the L2 and L3 ligands. Magnetic susceptibility measurements in the temperature range 4–300 K indicate significant antiferromagnetic coupling for 4, 5 and 7 and ferromagnetic coupling for 6 between the copper(II) atoms. The catecholase activit...

1781617601

Home visits for uncontrolled asthma among low-income adults with patient portal access

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2019

Background Asthma disproportionately affects low-income and minority adults. In an era of electronic records and Internet-based digital devices, it is unknown whether portals for patient-provider communication can improve asthma outcomes. Objective We sought to estimate the effect on asthma outcomes of an intervention using home visits (HVs) by community health workers (CHWs) plus training in patient portals compared with usual care and portal training only. Methods Three hundred one predominantly African American and Hispanic/Latino adults with uncontrolled asthma were recruited from primary care and asthma specialty practices serving low-income urban neighborhoods, directed to Internet access, and given portal training. Half were randomized to HVs over 6 ...

1781617601

High-energy emission in short GRBs and the role of magnetar central engines

EAS Publications Series, 2013

A significant number of long Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) detected by the Swift Satellite have a plateau phase signifying ongoing energy injection. Using BAT and XRT observations, we find that many short GRBs show similar behavior which challenges the typical short GRB progenitor model. We suggest the remnant of neutron star - neutron star mergers may not collapse immediately to a black hole (or even collapse at all) forming instead a magnetar. This model predicts that there would be a plateau phase in the X-ray lightcurve followed by a shallow decay phase, if it is a stable magnetar, or a steep decay if the magnetar collapses to a black hole within a few hundred seconds. By fitting this model to all short GRB BAT-XRT lightcurves, we show that a magnetar could po...

1781617600

Structural properties of thermoelectric CoSb3 skutterudite thin films prepared by molecular beam deposition

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2015

The research field of thermoelectricity was renewed by the progress made in nanostructuring approaches and by the investigation of new material groups as skutterudites, whose most promising representative is CoSb3. In this work Co–Sb thin films with a thickness of 30 nm were deposited by molecular beam deposition at different substrate temperatures as well as on non-heated substrates followed by a post-annealing step. An extended investigation of the phase formation in dependence of deposition method and parameters, film composition, and post-treatment is given. The presented results provide different routes to achieve high quality single phase films. It was also demonstrated that the grain size of the CoSb3 thin films is very sensitive to the used deposit...

1781617600

The GDNF Receptor: Recent Progress and Unanswered Questions

Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, 1996

A number of presynaptic markers are compromised in the dopaminergic neurons of aged Sprague–Dawley rats (22 months old) compared with young rats (3 months old). Indeed, in the striatum of the aged rats there is a diminished capacity to transport dopamine (DA), to bind the dopamine transporter (DAT) marker mazindol, to bind the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) marker dihydrotetrabenazine, and to release DA under basal conditions or after induction by K+ or amphetamine. Furthermore, the expression of DAT and VMAT2 mRNA in the midbrain is suppressed. GM1 ganglioside, 30 mg/kg ip daily, administered for 30 days, restores the afore-mentioned markers to values approaching those for young rats. Taken together with our published observations that GM1 part...

1781617600

Priming effects of a reconciliation radio drama on historical perspective-taking in the aftermath of mass violence in Rwanda

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2013

A field experiment in Rwanda investigated the impact of a radio drama designed to increase perspective-taking with regard to the history of intergroup conflict. An audio-based priming technique was used to assess the causal impact of the radio drama. Rwandan participants (N = 842) listened to an audio-delivered questionnaire recorded either in the voice of a main character of the radio drama (experimental priming condition) or an unknown actor (control condition). Participants primed with the radio drama reported higher levels of historical perspective-taking, engaged less in competitive victimhood, and expressed less mistrust toward the out-group. Overall, the findings suggest that fictional radio dramas can be used to address opposing historical narratives...

1781617600

The GIS concept and 3-dimensional modeling

Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 1994

The GIS concept looks at the world as an ensemble of 0-, 1-, 2-dimensional static objects, each with homogeneous attribute values. The GIS functions allow to search, transform, manipulate, analyze, visualize these objects and even create new objects using overlay operations with real or simulated data. The DEM nowadays included in most of the CIS software lifts its dimension only with 0.5 unit. This increasing of dimension is connected with the alteration of the traditional view on objects. Even on this stage we can begin to develop a new, nonstatic object concept. In the realm of 3D modeling (strictly speaking this is the only case of real spatial modeling) the objects are only shells of changing in the space and the time attributive data fields. To determi...

1781617600

Effect of Lactoferrin and Its Hydrolysates Prepared with Pepsin and Trypsin on <em>Escherichia coli</em> O157:H7

AJFST, 2017

As A Glycoprotein, Lactoferrin (LF) has many biological actions, among which the antibacterial activity is one of the most important effects studied. This study detected the antibacterial activity of bovine LF against Escherichia coli O157:H7. The LF hydrolysate (LFH) was acquired with trypsin and pepsin. It was found that the hydrolysates produced with each inhibited bacterial growth although the activities of trypsin hydrolysate were weaker than those of pepsin hydrolysate. Antibacterial activities of all hydrolysates were corresponding to the fraction with a molecular mass greater than 6kDa. Sulfonic acid derivatives were utilized for fractionation of peptides in hydrolysates and the cationic peptides were investigated employing mass spectrometry...

1781617600

Fabrication of lead tungstate microcrystals on a lead surface at room temperature

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2010

Abstract A new strategy has been successfully designed to synthesize lead tungstate (PbWO 4 ) microcrystals on a lead surface by employing a novel solution-phase approach at room temperature. This method consists of a liquid–solid reaction between Na 2 WO 4 solution and lead substrate itself in the assistance of glycine, l -glutamic acid, sodium citrate, or sodium adipic acid, respectively. The existence of these organic molecules plays an important role in the current synthetic process (serves as a growth promoter and organic structure-directing agent). This approach provides a facile strategy to produce PbWO 4 microcrystals on a lead substrate, which may be applicable to the synthesis of other inorganic materials on other metal substrates with various po...

1781617600

RAPID applied to the SIM-France model

Hydrol. Process., 2011

SIM-France is a large connected atmosphere/land surface/river/groundwater modelling system that simulates the water cycle throughout metropolitan France. The work presented in this study investigates the replacement of the river routing scheme in SIM-France by a river network model called RAPID to enhance the capacity to relate simulated flows to river gauges and to take advantage of the automated parameter estimation procedure of RAPID. RAPID was run with SIM-France over a 10-year period and results compared with those of the previous river routing scheme. We found that while the formulation of RAPID enhanced the functionality of SIM-France, the flow simulations are comparable in accuracy to those previously obtained by SIM-France. Sub-basin optimization of...

1781617600

Human Uterine Epithelial RL95-2 Cells Reorganize Their Cytoplasmic Architecture with Respect to Rho Protein and F-Actin in Response to Trophoblast Binding

Cells Tissues Organs, 2003

Embryo implantation is initiated by interaction of trophoblast with uterine epithelium via the apical cell poles of both partners. Using spheroids of human trophoblastoid JAR cells and monolayers of human uterine epithelial RL95-2 cells to simulate this initial interaction, we previously demonstrated that formation of stable cell-to-cell bonds depends on actin cytoskeleton (F-actin) and small GTPases of the Rho family, most likely RhoA. In this study, we determined the apical as well as the basal distribution of these proteins by fluorescence confocal microscopy before and after binding of JAR spheroids. We focussed on changes in cytoplasmic organization with respect to apicobasal polarity of RL95-2 cells. Before binding of spheroids, significantly higher fl...

1781617600

Blood pressure and sodium intake from snacks in adolescents

Eur J Clin Nutr, 2015

The relationship between sodium intake and arterial blood pressure (BP) values in adolescence is still controversial. The intake of high-sodium processed foods as snacks has gone up worldwide. The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to analyze the association between BP values and sodium intake from snacks. The mean weekly consumption of snacks was evaluated in 1200 randomly selected adolescents aged 11–13 years by a food-frequency questionnaire; their anthropometric and BP values were measured by trained researchers. A dietary 24-h food-recall questionnaire was randomly given to 400 of the 1200 adolescents. Mean sodium intake from snacks was 1.4 g/day. Systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP, respectively) significantly increased from the lowe...

1781617600

Hydraulic lime mortars with siloxane for waterproofing historic masonry

Cement and Concrete Research, 2007

Mortars with different content of hydraulic lime and aggregates of a siliceous and carbonaceous nature differing in grain size, were designed for waterproofing historic masonry. The repair mortars design was taken into consideration the physico-chemical properties of the original ones. The water repellency of the designed mortars was enhanced through impregnation with an oligomeric organo-siloxane provided optimum water vapour permeability; this is due to the siloxane coating the capillaries without blocking the pores, as indicated from the slightly modified pore size distribution. The grain size of aggregates and the binder content influence the performance of mortars. Mortars with coarse aggregates develop high mechanical strength; nevertheless, micropores...

1781617600

Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome in a Miniature Schnauzer Dog with Signs of Feminization and a Sertoli Cell Tumour

Reprod Domestic Animals, 2010

A 5-year-old male Miniature Schnauzer was presented with unilateral cryptorchidism and signs of feminization. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed an enlarged right testis and a large, fluid-filled cavity that appeared to arise from the prostate. Computed tomography revealed the cavity to be consistent with an enlarged uterine body, arising from the prostate, and showed two structures resembling uterine horns that terminated close to the adjacent testes. The dog had a normal male karyotype, 78 XY. Gonadohysterectomy was performed and both the surgical and the histological findings confirmed the presence of a uterus in this male animal, resulting in a diagnosis of persistent Mullerian duct syndrome (PMDS). The enlarged intra-abdominal testis contained a Sertoli...

1781617600

Characterization of thyroid hormone transport in synaptosomes from rat brain

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 1989

In this study we examined the mode of triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4) transport in synaptosomal preparations from cerebral hemispheres of adult rat brain. Our results show that these hormones are transported by different mechanisms: T3 uptake is a saturable process and Hofstee analysis of the data reveals two transport components--a high affinity (Kt approximately 50 pM), low density and a low affinity (Kt approximately 3.1 nM) high density system. The Vmax of both components is influenced by the extracellular/intracellular Na+ gradient. T3 uptake decreases in the presence of ouabain and gramicidin. T3 uptake also shows a temperature dependence and decreases in the presence of KCN. In contrast, T4 uptake is a nonsaturable process and is not...

1781617600

Underestimation of glucose turnover determined using [6-3H]glucose tracer in non-steady state

Diabetologia, 1990

The use of tritiated glucose tracers may result in underestimation of glucose turnover during hyperinsulinaemic clamps giving paradoxical negative endogenous glucose production rates. While mathematical modelling errors in the analysis of tracer data are major determinants of this underestimate in the non-steady state, the relative importance of tracer contamination under these conditions remains in doubt. We have used high performance liquid chromatography to assess the possible contribution to this problem of a labelled tracer impurity found in [6-3H]glucose. In conventional 4 h hyperinsulinaemic clamps performed in six normal subjects, labelled impurity increased as a percentage of the neutral plasma radioactivity fraction from 5.3±0.9% after a 2 h equil...

1781617600

ChemInform Abstract: A Study of the Reaction of Different Phenol Substrates with Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite.

ChemInform, 2000

Abstract The reactivity of different phenol substrates with nitric oxide and peroxynitrite was investigated. In general, nitration is the major reaction with peroxynitrite, while reactions with aqueous solutions of nitric oxide led to mixtures of nitro and nitroso derivatives depending upon the phenol. Nitrosation occurs on phenol substrates bearing a free para - position with respect to the OH group with the exception of 1-naphthol, which afforded a 1:1 mixture of the 2- and the 4-nitroso derivatives. Chromans 7 and 8 showed the highest reactivity with peroxynitrite, which suggests that they can act as efficient scavengers of this toxic intermediate. In both cases the corresponding 5-nitro derivative was the only reaction product detected. Finally, the fact...

1781617600

Important aspects concerning alendronate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws: a literature review

Gerodontology, 2013

Objective To conduct a literature review on sodium alendronate, focusing on osteonecrosis of the jaws, a serious potential side effect. Background Sodium alendronate is a bisphosphonate that is widely used for the treatment of osteopenia, osteoporosis and Paget's disease. Like other bisphosphonates, it inhibits bone resorption by inactivating osteoclasts. Alendronate has evident benefits in the treatment of these diseases, but it is associated with jaw osteonecrosis, although less frequently compared with intravenous bisphosphonates. Therefore, some preventive measures should be taken to avoid this side effect. Material and methods We reviewed the literature regarding the pharmacological aspects, mechanism of action, indications of use and side effects of so...

1781617600

Advances in the Cell Biology of Transport via the Inner Blood-Retinal Barrier: Establishment of Cell Lines and Transport Functions

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2005

The retinal capillary endothelial cells are connected to each other by tight junctions that play a key role in permeability as the inner blood-retinal barrier (inner BRB). Thus, understanding the inner BRB transport mechanism is an important step towards drug targeting of the retina. Nevertheless, inner BRB transport studies have been very limited in number since it is not easy to use the retinal capillaries, which are very small in size, for in vitro transport studies. Conditionally immortalized rat retinal capillary endothelial cells (TR-iBRB), pericytes (TR-rPCT) and Müller cell lines (TR-MUL) have been established from transgenic rats harboring the temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene. These cell lines posses respective cell type m...

1781617600

The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: Implications for Corporate Social Responsibility Research

Bus. and hum. rights j., 2021

Abstract This article presents a review of the literature on the United Nations Guiding Principles (UNGPs) for the purpose of situating the UNGPs in the voluntary corporate social responsibility (CSR) infrastructure. We identify four key themes that underlie the debate: (1) a critical assessment of the UNGPs, (2) their application to different sectors, (3) a discussion of how to embed key aspects of the UNGPs into national and regional contexts, and (4) reflections on the role of due diligence. We discuss these themes and outline some practical and theoretical take-away messages. Our review highlights some similarities and differences to the discussion of voluntary initiatives in the field of CSR, especially the UN Global Compact. Our discussion helps to und...

1781617600

Durability and Compatibility of Lime-Based Mortars: The Effect of Aggregates

Infrastructures, 2018

In order to fully perform their functions and be durable, mortars for renders and plasters are requested to have a set of characteristics that can vary with the type of exposure to external environmental actions and the type of substrate. Generally, they need moderate strength, high deformability, some water protection capability, good adhesion to the substrate and compatibility with the pre-existent materials. The presence of water and its movement inside the pore structure of the mortars are among the most significant causes of degradation. Moreover, several authors consider that the main factors for durability and good performance of lime-based mortars are mostly related with the good quality of the binder and the use of adequate aggregates. This paper in...

1781617600

Parabolic Equation Modeling of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation over Rough Sea Surfaces

Sensors, 2019

The parabolic equation is an efficient numerical solution for electromagnetic wave propagation. In order to address the difficulties in predicting electromagnetic wave propagation in the maritime environment caused by atmospheric dust and rough sea surfaces, and the shortcomings of the existing research that cannot fully reflect the rough characteristics of sea surfaces, the authors have modelled electromagnetic wave propagation in the maritime environment, including in the presence of atmospheric dust. In this study the authors present a parabolic equation modeling method for calculating the electromagnetic wave propagation over rough sea surfaces. Firstly, the rough sea surface is generated by building a double summation model of three-dimensional random s...

1781617600

Degreening and postharvest storage influences ‘Star Ruby’ grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) bioactive compounds

Food Chemistry, 2012

Ethylene is commercially used for artificial degreening of early season grapefruits. The present study investigated the effect of degreening and storage period on Star Ruby grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) bioactive compounds. Freshly harvested grapefruits were degreened in commercial packing shed for 60 h using 2 ppm of ethylene at a constant temperature of 20 °C. Both degreened and non-degreened (control) fruits were stored at 10 °C for 21 days and later transferred to 20 °C for a period of 14 days to simulate shipment and retail store market conditions. Bioactive compounds including carotenoids, limonoids, flavonoids and furocoumarins were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. Nomilin was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in degreened ...

1781617600

Climate change and credit risk

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020

Abstract We investigate the relationship between exposure to climate change and firm credit risk. We show that the distance-to-default, a widely used market-based measure of corporate default risk, is negatively associated with the amount of a firm’s carbon emissions and carbon intensity. Therefore, companies with high carbon footprint are perceived by the market as more likely to default, ceteris paribus. The carbon footprint decreases the distance-to-default following shocks - such as the Paris Agreement - that reveal policymakers’ intention to implement stricter climate policies. Overall, these results indicate that the exposure to climate risks affects the creditworthiness of loans and bonds issued by corporates. Financial regulators and policymakers...

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Apport de l’échocardiographie Doppler dans le diagnostic de la dysplasie arythmogène du ventricule droit

Annales de Cardiologie et d'Angéiologie, 2013

The arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is a rare heart muscle disorder, occurring typically in young adults. The diagnosis remains difficult. The aim of our study was to evaluate the contribution of Doppler echocardiography in the diagnosis and screening for ARVD. Eighteen patients, followed in our cardiology department for ARVD and 10 "witnesses" in good condition were evaluated by echocardiography. We have essentially clarified the dimensions of the RV, its kinetics segmental, Doppler tricuspid flow, the study of movement of the tricuspid annulus in M-mode and tissue Doppler. We have compared the results of echocardiography at those of MRI and RV angiography. In our series, pathological measurement of the RV was found in all patients. No one...

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Azodicarboxylates: Explosive properties and DSC measurements

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2010

A large number of azodicarboxylates and their derivatives are produced and used in the chemical industries. The versatile applications of these azodicarboxylates in research institutes and in the chemical industries for chemical synthesis arouse additional hazards. The intent of this paper is to obtain first knowledge about the structure–response relationship regarding the explosive properties and the thermal hazards of different versatile used azodicarboxylates. The substances are examined with the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Furthermore, different laboratory test methods, based on the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, are applied to determine the explosive properties of the mentioned substances. On the basis of the obta...

1781617600

Low scores on BDAE Complex Ideational Material are associated with invalid performance in adults without aphasia

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult, 2016

Complex Ideational Material (CIM) is a sentence comprehension task designed to detect pathognomonic errors in receptive language. Nevertheless, patients with apparently intact language functioning occasionally score in the impaired range. If these instances reflect poor test taking effort, CIM has potential as a performance validity test (PVT). Indeed, in 68 adults medically referred for neuropsychological assessment, CIM was a reliable marker of psychometrically defined invalid responding. A raw score ≤9 or T-score ≤29 achieved acceptable combinations of sensitivity (.34-.40) and specificity (.82-.90) against two reference PVTs, and produced a zero overall false positive rate when scores on all available PVTs were considered. More conservative cutoffs (...

1781617600

Choosing the right contract: a probabilistic model

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Civil Engineering, 2004

The inherent risks of civil engineering projects mean the choice of contract can have a significant impact on cost and duration. In the absence of any quantitative comparisons, the decision tends to be based on qualitative criteria or personal preference—which may not result in the best solution either for the client or contractor. Help is now at hand in the form of a spreadsheet-based, probabilistic model which uses a Monte Carlo simulation to plot the possible range of costs and durations associated with each type of contract. This paper shows how the model can be applied to a small tunnelling project, making a comparison between fixed-priced and cost-plus-fixed-fee arrangements. The results are quite striking, showing the substantial potential cost savi...

1781617600

Breathing fluctuations in position-specific DNA base pairs are involved in regulating helicase movement into the replication fork

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2012

We previously used changes in the near-UV circular dichroism and fluorescence spectra of DNA base analogue probes placed site specifically to show that the first three base pairs at the fork junction in model replication fork constructs are significantly opened by "breathing" fluctuations under physiological conditions. Here, we use these probes to provide mechanistic snapshots of the initial interactions of the DNA fork with a tight-binding replication helicase in solution. The primosome helicase of bacteriophage T4 was assembled from six (gp41) helicase subunits, one (gp61) primase subunit, and nonhydrolyzable GTPγS. When bound to a DNA replication fork construct this complex advances one base pair into the duplex portion of the fork and forms a stably bo...

1781617600

Long Mechanical Interaction between Strengthening Materials and Preexisting Structures

J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 2006

The paper presents the results of an experimental investigation conducted on clay bricks and different types of restoration products commonly available on the European market, specifically a tixotropic mix for production of mortars and structural plasters, two cement-free binders for dehumidifying mortars, a cement-free grout to be used as filler for voids and cavities in masonry structures, a cement-free dehumidifying mortar for the restoration of damp stone, brick and tuff masonry, and a one-component mortar for plaster repair. Prism-shaped specimens were produced using single materials and coupled materials. They were subjected to static compressive tests for the determination of their mechanical properties and cyclic compressive tests for the analysis of...

1781617600

Remission of new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus in an adolescent using an integrative medicine approach: A case report

Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021

Among adolescents, the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has recently increased. A 12-year-old Chinese boy with a one-year history of hyperphagia presented to our clinic. The patient was diagnosed with T2DM one month prior to visiting the clinic and reported undergoing no pharmacologic treatment. Using an integrative medicine approach, including Chinese herbal decoction, berberine hydrochloride tablets, physical exercise and diet control, the patient’s fasting blood glucose (FBG) decreased from 8.3 mmol/L to 5.5 mmol/L. Additionally, his glycated haemoglobin decreased from 12.9% to 6.1%, indicating that without any Western medicine intervention his diabetes has been reversed after six months of treatment. His FBG remained normal, and nine months...

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Development of a densitometric method for the determination of cephalexin as an alternative to the standard HPLC procedure

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 1998

A HPTLC-densitometric method was developed in order to obtain a reliable procedure for routine analysis of cephalexin in pharmaceutical formulations. Optimization of TLC conditions for the densitometric scanning was reached by eluting HPTLC silica gel plates in an horizontal developing chamber. Quantitation of cephalexin was performed in single beam reflectance mode by using a computer-controlled densitometric scanner and applying a five-point calibration. A linear regression has been found in the 200-1000 ng range. The setup method is precise, reproducible and accurate. Recovery was also assessed by comparison with the HPLC USP XXIII alternate method. In this case HPTLC-densitometry appears worth of consideration as being relatively inexpensive and time-sav...

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Active, Programmable Elastomeric Surfaces with Tunable Adhesion for Deterministic Assembly by Transfer Printing

Adv Funct Materials, 2012

Active, programmable control of interfacial adhesion is an important, desired feature of many existing and envisioned systems, including medical tapes, releasable joints, and stamps for transfer printing. Here a design for an elastomeric surface that offers switchable adhesion strength through a combination of peel-rate dependent effects and actuation of sub-surface fluid chambers is presented. Microchannels and open reservoirs positioned under a thin surface membrane can be pressurized in a controlled manner to induce various levels of surface deformation via inflation. These pressurized structures demonstrate utility in controllably decreasing the strength of adhesion of flat, solid objects to the elastomeric surface, particularly in the limit of low peel-...

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Large area imaging detector for long-range, passive detection of fissile material

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., 2004

Recent events highlight the increased risk of a terrorist attack using either a nuclear or a radiological weapon. One of the key needs to counter such a threat is long-range detection of nuclear material. Theoretically, gamma-ray emissions from such material should allow passive detection to distances greater than 100 m. However, detection at this range has long been thought impractical due to spatially fluctuating levels of natural background radiation. These fluctuations are the major source of uncertainty in detection and mean that sensitivity cannot be increased simply by increasing detector size. Recent work has shown that this problem can be overcome through the use of imaging techniques. In this paper we describe the background problems, the advantage...

1781617600

Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in ovarian and gastrointestinal peritoneal carcinomatosis: results from a 7-year experience

J. Gastrointest. Oncol., 2018

An increasing promising evidence and increasing long-term oncologic outcomes support the use of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) as locoregional treatment for peritoneal carcinosis (PC) especially from ovarian and gastrointestinal tumors, but also for others cancers.A prospective monocentric study was performed in Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo (Italy). Patients and tumor characteristics were analyzed. Overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS) and morbidity were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank testing.A total of 150 patients undergone CRS + HIPEC were analyzed from January 2011 to June 2017. The principal origins of PC were: gastric cancer (GC) (n=40), colon cancer (n=31), append...

1781617600

Three-dimensional dynamic analysis of the pole vault

Journal of Biomechanics, 1994

Knowledge production within the field of business research is accelerating at a tremendous speed while at the same time remaining fragmented and interdisciplinary. This makes it hard to keep up with state-of-the-art and to be at the forefront of research, as well as to assess the collective evidence in a particular area of business research. This is why the literature review as a research method is more relevant than ever. Traditional literature reviews often lack thoroughness and rigor and are conducted ad hoc, rather than following a specific methodology. Therefore, questions can be raised about the quality and trustworthiness of these types of reviews. This paper discusses literature review as a methodology for conducting research and offers an overview o...

1781617600

Combining Selective Sequential Extractions, X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy, and Principal Component Analysis for Quantitative Zinc Speciation in Soil

Environ. Sci. Technol., 2002

Selective sequential extractions (SSE) and, more recently, X-ray absorption fine-structure IXAFS) spectroscopy have been used to characterize the speciation of metal contaminants in soils and sediments. However, both methods have specific limitations when multiple metal species coexist in soils and sediments. In this study, we tested a combined approach, in which XAFS spectra were collected after each of 6 SSE steps, and then analyzed by multishell fitting, principal component analysis (PCA) and linear combination fits (LCF), to determine the Zn speciation in a smelter-contaminated, strongly acidic soil. In the topsoil, Zn was predominately found in the smelter-emitted minerals franklinite (60%) and sphalerite (30%) and as aqueous or outer-sphere Zn2+ (10%)....

1781617600

Vehicle Path Generation and Tracking in Mixed Road Traffic

IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2020

Abstract Given the condition of mixed road traffic, few models exist that can predict the motion of a vehicle in it. Mixed road traffic can be defined as being both, lane indisciplined and heterogeneous. This study aims at developing a model that can analyze a given traffic condition, generate a safe trajectory and provide a control input to the vehicle to follow it. The paper explains the flow of the model, starting with traffic interaction, leader detection, and waypoint derivation. Post this, the trajectory is generated, the tracking errors are discussed and a controller is designed to navigate the trajectory by minimizing the discussed errors. Since the assumption of low speed is made, a kinematic model is used when generating feasibility criteria for th...

1781617600

Civic learning: moving from the apolitical to the socially just

Journal of Curriculum Studies, 2010

This study examines the knowledge and skills that characterize civic learning for young people. Building on a literature review, it reports an exploratory case study with students and teachers in four secondary schools in the Ottawa, Canada region. The perspectives of researchers co‐operating with educators and students against a backdrop of provincial government curricula and secondary literature on youth citizenship engagement provide an enriched understanding of the state and potential of civic learning. It concludes that current civic learning is primarily characterized by procedural knowledge and compliant codes of behaviour that do not envelope students in collective action for systemic understandings of political issues. This study argues for renewe...

1781617600

Evolution of mechanical properties and drying shrinkage in lime-based and lime cement-based mortars with pure limestone aggregate

Construction and Building Materials, 2015

In order to understand the behavior of the natural hydraulic lime, pure lime and lime cement-based mortars as a repair mortar it is necessary to investigate their mechanical-properties. In this paper, the specimens were made with limestone aggregate as the restorers prepared the restoration works. The mechanical-strength as well as the evolution of Young’s modulus and the drying shrinkage were monitored. The study was performed under curing conditions which lead to the development of a suitable mortar strength within the first 28 days without having to wait for longer curing periods. The study revealed that NHL5 (1:1.75) mortar exhibits, for 28 days in a 70 ± 5% RH chamber, better results from the point of view of strength and shrinkage. A NHL5 (1:1.75) m...

1781617600

Awareness of memory functioning in early Alzheimer's disease: Lessons from a comparison with healthy older people and young adults

Aging & Mental Health, 2007

To compare awareness of memory in people with early Alzheimer's disease (AD) with older and younger control groups in order to clarify the contributions of disease and ageing. Twenty-one individuals with early AD, 32 older people (OP) and 32 younger people (YP) estimated their performance before and following each of four tests of memory. Those with AD significantly overestimated performance prior to testing, confirming the presence of unawareness for prediction. Their estimates were adjusted for age in a similar way to those of OP, who predicted their performance accurately. Younger people significantly underestimated their performance. Following memory tests, YP and those with AD significantly adjusted their ratings towards greater accuracy but on average ...

1781617600

New Basic Insight into Reductive Functionalization Sequences of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs)

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013

The reactivity of reduced single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) (carbon nanotubides), prepared under strict inert conditions in a glovebox with respect to the covalent functionalization with hexyl iodide and subsequent exposure to ambient conditions (air, moisture), was systematically investigated by Raman, absorption, fluorescence, and IR spectroscopy as well as by TG/MS measurements. We have discovered that the alkylation does not lead to a complete discharging of the tubes since follow-up reactions with moisture still take place leading to mixed functionalized carbon nanotube derivatives containing H- and OH-addends (but no carboxylates) next to the hexyl groups. This was confirmed by the exposure of carbon nanotubides to ambient conditions. The degree ...

1781617600

Maize food chain and mycotoxins: A review on occurrence studies

Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2021

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungal species that colonize cereal crops and, consequently, contaminate them with these toxic compounds, either in the field or in post-harvest commodities. Maize ( Zea mays L.), one of the most prominent crops worldwide, is a great example of infected cultivars with severe impacts mostly affecting farmer and livestock workers, with direct losses in crops, production profitability, animal health and product safety. This review aims at describing and evaluating published occurrence studies from 2005 to 2020, regarding the identification and quantification of regulated, masked, and emerging mycotoxins throughout the several stages of the complex food chain of maize. An overview of global occurrence surveys and ...

1781617600

Modification of PVC/ENR blends by electron beam irradiation

Angew. Makromol. Chem., 1999

The effects of electron irradiation, with doses ranging from 20 to 100 kGy on the physical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/epoxidised natural rubber blends (PVC/ENR50 blends) were investigated. The enhancement in tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, and aging properties of the blends have confirmed the positive effect of irradiation on the blends. Crosslinking of the ENR50 phase proved to play a major role in the improvement of mechanical properties of blends. The results also revealed that at any blend composition the enhancement in properties depends on the irradiation dose which controls the degree of radiation-induced crosslinking. The single glass transition temperature obtained confirms that the blends remain miscible upon irradiation. D...

1781617600

The combined effect of size, inertia and porosity on the indentation response of ductile materials

Mechanics of Materials, 2021

Herein, we present a self-similar cavity expansion model that follows from the work of Cohen and Durban (2013b) to analyze the dynamic indentation response of elasto-plastic porous materials while accounting for the plastic strain gradient induced size effect. The incorporation of the plastic strain gradient induced size effect in the dynamic cavity expansion model for elasto-plastic porous materials is the key novelty of our model. The material hardness predicted using the cavity expansion model for a wide range of indentation depths and speeds is compared against the available experimental results for OFHC copper, for strain rates varying from 10−4s−1 to 108s−1. We note that despite several simplifying assumptions, the predictions of our cavity expan...

1781617599

Acoustically tuned erbium-doped fiber ring laser

Opt. Lett., 1991

We report what is to our knowledge the first narrow-linewidth, continuously tunable laser that uses an acousto-optic filter to achieve a broad tuning range. The unidirectional ring-laser configuration incorporates an erbium-doped fiber amplifier as the gain medium and an integrated, frequency-shift-compensated acousto-optic filter as the tuning element. Using a 980-nm optical pump with 60 mW of launched power, we obtained nearly 2 mW of laser output with 10% output coupling. A tuning range of 40 nm was achieved, centered about 1545 nm. Single-longitudinal-mode operation with a 10-kHz linewidth was demonstrated, although the laser wavelength hopped between nearby longitudinal modes because of path-length fluctuations. Wavelength switching at rates up to 100 k...

1781617599

Deoxycholic acid mediates non-canonical EGFR-MAPK activation through the induction of calcium signaling in colon cancer cells

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 2016

Obesity and a western diet have been linked to high levels of bile acids and the development of colon cancer. Specifically, increased levels of the bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA), an established tumor promoter, has been shown to correlate with increased development of colorectal adenomas and progression to carcinoma. Herein we investigate the mechanism by which DCA leads to EGFR-MAPK activation, a candidate mechanism by which DCA may promote colorectal tumorigenesis. DCA treated colon cancer cells exhibited strong and prolonged activation of ERK1/2 when compared to EGF treatment alone. We also showed that DCA treatment prevents EGFR degradation as opposed to the canonical EGFR recycling observed with EGF treatment. Moreover, the combination of DCA and EGF ...

1781617599

Comparison of the biological and immunological properties of glycosylation deficient human chorionic gonadotropin variants produced by site directed mutagenesis and chemical deglycosylation

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 1992

Appropriate glycosylation of gonadotropins is essential for the full expression of their biological activity. In this investigation we have compared the properties of glycosylation deficient human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by chemical deglycosylation (HF treatment — DG-hCG) or recombinant techniques (site directed mutagenesis). Among the recombinant hCG molecules secreted into the culture medium, the following variants containing selective N-glycosylation deletions at Δα1, or Δα1,2 or in both subunits could not stimulate Steroidogenesis in mouse Leydig tumor cells (MA-10 cell line) and in this respect were very similar to DG-hCG. The other variants were fully active like native hCG, but the α + Δβ1,2 recombinant hCG was a partial agonist...

1781617599

Identification of the nucleotide-free state as a therapeutic vulnerability for inhibition of selected oncogenic RAS mutants

Cell Reports, 2022

RAS guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) are mutated in nearly 20% of human tumors, making them an attractive therapeutic target. Following our discovery that nucleotide-free RAS (apo RAS) regulates cell signaling, we selectively target this state as an approach to inhibit RAS function. Here, we describe the R15 monobody that exclusively binds the apo state of all three RAS isoforms in vitro, regardless of the mutation status, and captures RAS in the apo state in cells. R15 inhibits the signaling and transforming activity of a subset of RAS mutants with elevated intrinsic nucleotide exchange rates (i.e., fast exchange mutants). Intracellular expression of R15 reduces the tumor-forming capacity of cancer cell lines driven by select RAS mutants and KRAS(G12D)-m...

1781617599

Hyperventilation-induced panic attacks in panic disorder with agoraphobia

Biological Psychiatry, 1991

Eight minutes of hyperventilation to an end-tidal PCO2 of less than 20 mmHg led to a panic attack in 7 of 12 patients with panic disorder with agoraphobia and only 1 of 12 normal controls. Patients experienced greater increases in panic symptoms than controls during hyperventilation. Patients who reported more distress from somatic symptoms of hyperventilation during the preceding week were more likely to panic during hyperventilation. Patients who panicked during hyperventilation exhibited a delayed recovery of normocapnia following hyperventilation. Hyperventilation by this protocol is an effective means of inducing panic attacks in the laboratory. A hyperventilation challenge may identify a subgroup of patients for whom hyperventilation symptoms are frequ...

1781617599

Audit of wide bore needle biopsies graded B3: does the final pathology justify the increasing rate of benign biopsy?

Breast Cancer Res, 2006

A recent national audit of the West of London Breast Screening Service showed an increased rate of benign biopsy. This may be related to the increasing rate of wide bore needle (WBN) biopsies graded as B3 (indeterminate). Common B3 pathologies include atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), columnar cell change with hyperplasia or atypia (CCC) and intraduct papilloma (IP). Previous studies have shown an association of these lesions with malignancy [1,2]. Our practise is to recommend excision biopsy of these B3 lesions. We retrospectively audited surgical excision biopsies of B3 lesions between April 2004 and April 2005, recording mammogram findings, patient demographics, WBN and surgical excision pathological diagnoses. Twenty-five women age 50–70 (mean age 58)...

1781617599

Effectiveness of fortification of corn flour-derived products with hydrogen-reduced elemental iron on iron-deficiency anaemia in children and adolescents in southern Brazil

Public Health Nutr., 2009

Abstract Objective To find the ideal combination of Fe fortifier and its food vehicle is an essential measure in developing countries. However, its cost also plays an important role. In the present study, the effect on blood parameter values of corn flour-derived products fortified with powdered elemental Fe in the form of H 2 -reduced Fe was investigated in children and adolescents. Methods One hundred and sixty-two individuals (eighty-six boys and seventy-six girls) from public educational centres in Londrina, Paraná (southern Brazil) participated in the study. Fe-deficiency anaemia (IDA) was defined when Hb and serum ferritin values fell below 12 g/dl and 20 μg/l, respectively; Fe deficiency (ID) was considered when serum ferritin was below 20 μg/l. Re...

1781617599

Smart meters data for modeling and forecasting water demand at the user-level

Environmental Modelling & Software, 2020

Abstract Smart meters installed at the user-level provide a new data source for managing water infrastructure. This research explores the use of machine learning methods, including Random Forests (RFs), Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), and Support Vector Regression (SVR) to forecast hourly water demand at 90 accounts using smart-metered data. Demands are predicted using lagged demand, seasonality, weather, and household characteristics. Time-series clustering is applied to delineate data based on the time of day and day of the week, which improves model performance. Two modeling approaches are compared. Individual models are developed separately for each meter, and a Group model is trained using a data set of multiple meters. Individual models predict dema...

1781617599

Coordination‐Driven Switching of a Preorganized and Cooperative Calix[4]pyrrole Receptor

Chemistry A European J, 2013

The study of preorganization in receptors, particularly in cooperative receptors, and their reversible control by external stimuli is important for elucidating design strategies that can lead to increased sensitivity and external control of molecular recognition. In this work we present the design, synthesis, and operation of an asymmetric tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)–calix[4]pyrrole receptor appended with a pyridine moiety. 1H NMR spectroscopy was employed to demonstrate that intramolecular complexation between the receptor and the pyridine moiety leads to a preorganized receptor. Absorption and 1H NMR spectroscopy along with a computational investigation were used to demonstrate the ability of the receptor to complex the substrate 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB)...

1781617599

Energy Performance of Cool Roofs Followed by Development of Practical Design Tool

Front. Energy Res., 2019

Cool/white roofing systems use paints and membranes with high solar reflectivity to reflect a portion of the incident solar radiation resulting in lowering the temperature of the exterior surfaces in respect of the conventional/black roofing systems. This study focuses on the energy performance of roofing system that is being used in buildings of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries when this roof is exposed to a hot and humid climatic conditions in Saudi Arabia. The long-term moisture performance of the white and black roofing systems were investigated in a previous study in which the results showed that no risk of condensation and mould growth occurred in the roofs with different values of solar reflectivity of the rooftop and different initial construct...

1781617599

Adhesion of epoxy/glass fibre composites influenced by aging effects on sizings

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2004

This work systematically analyses the aging effects on sized glass fibres. The interfacial bond strengths in epoxy resin composites can vary depending on the kind of sizing formulation, properties and parameters of aging conditioning. A special focus is on qualification and further development of suited interface sensitive methods for characterisation of aging effects, enabling a prediction of deterioration caused by aging. Zeta potential, IGC, AFM, and wetting techniques reveal characteristic parameters of differently aged glass fibre surfaces and enable to predict the tendency of interfacial adhesion. Interface characterisation using pull-out and cyclic loading tests reflects aging effects on fibre surfaces very sensitively and is in a good agreement with ...

1781617599

Empowerment through a teacher leadership academy

JRIT&L, 2018

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of a teacher leadership academy (TLA) organized through a school district/university partnership in a small, US Suburban School District in increasing teachers’ participation in leadership activities. Design/methodology/approach TLA participants ( n =11) were surveyed using the Teacher Leadership Activities Scale, and their results were compared to a control group of teachers in the district who were not participating in the TLA ( n =12). Interviews and open-ended response items provided qualitative data to examine how the TLA contributed to teachers’ growth as leaders. Findings Results indicated that teachers in the TLA did increase participation in teacher leadership activities. Qualitat...

1781617599

Comparative transcriptome analysis between somatic embryos (SEs) and zygotic embryos in cotton: evidence for stress response functions in SE development

Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2013

As a product of asexual reproduction in plants, the somatic embryo (SE) differentiates into a new plantlet via a zygotic embryogenesis-like process. Here, we present the phenotypic and cellular differences between SEs and zygotic embryos (ZEs) revealed by histological section scanning using three parallel development stages of the two types of embryos of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum cv. YZ1), including globular, torpedo and cotyledonary-stages. To identify the molecular characteristics of SE development in cotton, the digital gene expression system was used to profile the genes active during SE and ZE development. A total of 4242 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in at least one developmental stage. Expression pattern and functional classif...

1781617599

The contribution of knowledge about anaphors, organisational signals and refutations to reading comprehension

Journal Research in Reading, 2013

Expository texts contain rhetorical devices that help readers to connect text ideas (within a text and with prior knowledge) and to monitor reading. Rhetorical competence addresses readers' skill in detecting, understanding and using these devices. We examined the contribution of rhetorical competence to reading comprehension on two groups of 11- to 13-year-old students: low-level (Study 1) and high-level (Study 2) reading skills. The measures of rhetorical competence assessed students' knowledge about anaphors, organisational signals and refutations. In both studies, each measure of rhetorical competence contributed significantly to reading comprehension once prior knowledge, working memory and decoding skills were controlled for. This contribution was high...

1781617599

Effect of zooplankton-mediated trophic cascades on marine microbial food web components (bacteria, nanoflagellates, ciliates)

Limnol. Oceanogr., 2009

To examine the grazing effects of copepod-dominated mesozooplankton on heterotrophic microbial communities, four mesocosm experiments using gradients of zooplankton abundance were carried out at a coastal marine site. The responses of different protist groups (nanoflagellates, ciliates) and bacterioplankton in terms of abundance and additionally, for bacteria, diversity, production, and exoenzymatic activity, were monitored during 1 week of incubation. Independent of the initial experimental abiotic conditions and the dominating copepod species, zooplankton caused order-of-magnitude changes in microbial functional groups in a clear community-wide four-link trophic cascade. The strongest predatory effects were observed for protist concentrations, thus generat...

1781617599

The Partition of India and the Prospects of Pakistan

Geographical Review, 1948

FORTY-TWO years after the battle of Plassey, British dominion in India, although not yet unchallenged, was virtually secured by the overthrow of Tipu Sultan of Mysore (I799); only one hard fight remained, that with the Sikhs of the northwest. The decline of British power also covers forty-two years, from the Japanese victory of 1905, which stimulated a general stirring of Asiatic nationalism, to August 15, 1947, when one of history's greatest experiments in government came to an inconclusive end and a new venture, perhaps no smaller in scope and intention, began with the setting up of the two Dominions of India and Pakistan. It will be long before a balanced assessment of British rule can be made. In some respects and phases it was revolutionary in its impac...

1781617599

The central Fuegian fold and thrust belt in Tierra del Fuego: Strike‐slip tectonics superimposed onto compressional deformation

Geological Journal, 2020

The boundary between South America and Scotia plates was established during Neogene times when a wrench tectonic regime was developed along the central area of Tierra del Fuego. This boundary includes the Magallanes–Fagnano fault system: a regional diffuse deformation zone, which involves the development of the satellite Yehuin–Chepelmut fault zone and a series of pull-apart basins overprinting the Fuegian fold and thrust belt. The analysis of regional seismic lines allowed to reconstruct and recognize the structure of the external fold and thrust belt. The interpreted structures were integrated into a regional transect and a 3D block diagram that display the different structural domains and, mainly, the wrench deformation associated with the Magallanes�...

1781617599

Automatic speaker, age-group and gender identification from children’s speech

Computer Speech & Language, 2018

Abstract A speech signal contains important paralinguistic information, such as the identity, age, gender, language, accent, and the emotional state of the speaker. Automatic recognition of these types of information in adults’ speech has received considerable attention, however there has been little work on children’s speech. This paper focuses on speaker, gender, and age-group recognition from children’s speech. The performances of several classification methods are compared, including Gaussian Mixture Model–Universal Background Model (GMM–UBM), GMM–Support Vector Machine (GMM–SVM) and i-vector based approaches. For speaker recognition, error rate decreases as age increases, as one might expect. However for gender and age-group recognition th...

1781617599

FGF2 as a potential prognostic biomarker for proneural glioma patients

Acta Oncologica, 2014

Background. The survival of high-grade glioma patients is poor and the treatment of these patients can cause severe side effects. This fosters the necessity to identify prognostic biomarkers, in order to optimize treatment and diminish unnecessary suffering of patients. The aim of this study was to identify prognostic biomarkers for high-grade glioma patients.Methods. Eleven proteins were selected for analysis due to their suggested importance for survival of patients with other types of cancers and due to a high variation in protein levels between glioma patients (according to the Human Protein Atlas, www.proteinatlas.org). Protein expression patterns of these 11 proteins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in tumor samples from 97 high-grade glioma patie...

1781617599

Effect of a phospholipase A2 with cardiotoxin-like properties, from Bungarus fasciatus snake venom, on calcium-modulated potassium currents

Toxicon, 1989

The action of a 16,300 mol. wt phospholipase A2 with cardiotoxin-like properties from Bungarus fasciatus venom on membrane electrical properties of two human cell types was examined in vitro by using tight-seal whole-cell recording methods. Epithelial cells exhibited a voltage- and Ca2(+)-activated K+ current; the sensitivity for voltage activation of the K+ current was enhanced by increasing free Ca2+ in the recording pipette from 10(-8) M to 2 x 10(-6) M. In contrast, peripheral blood lymphocytes possessed voltage-activated K+ currents that were inhibited by increasing intracellular Ca2+. Exposure of either preparation to B. fasciatus toxin (0.2-5 x 10(-6) M) for up to 30 min in the bath did not alter membrane leakage current, as judged by the maintenance ...

1781617599

Effect of starch osmo-coating on carotenoids, colour and microstructure of dehydrated pumpkin slices

J Food Sci Technol, 2018

Carotenoids in pumpkins are extremely unstable during industrial drying, to avoid the carotenoid degradation, starch omso-coating was subjected to the pretreatment process for dehydrated pumpkin slices. The results showed that starch omso-coating reduced the dehydration rate of pumpkin slices. When coated with corn starch, the retention rates of lutein, α-carotene and β-carotene in dehydrated pumpkin slices significantly increased by 11.3, 9.0 and 7.7%, respectively, and the provitamin A activity increased by 9.5%. 1% (w/v) modified corn omso-coating gave highest retention rate of total carotenoids (95.5%), while provitamin A activity reached 4148 µg RAE/100 g. In addition, the colour parameters △E and a* values reduced, but L*, b* and H values increase...

1781617599

Application of 3SPACE™ ISOTRAK™ to joint kinematic study

Journal of Biomechanics, 1987

The relationship between EMG activity and extensor moment generation in the erector spinae muscles was investigated under isometric and concentric conditions. The full-wave rectified and averaged EMG signal was recorded from skin-surface electrodes located over the belly of the erector spinae at the levels of T10 and L3, and compared with measurements of extensor moment. The effects of muscle length and contraction velocity were studied by measuring the overall curvature (θ) and rate of change of curvature (dθdt) of the lumbar spine in the sagittal plane, using the ‘3-Space Isotrak’ system.Isometric contractions were investigated with the subjects pulling up on a load cell attached to the floor. Hand height was varied to produce different amounts of lu...

1781617599

Physics of nanometer structure devices

Microelectronic Engineering, 1984

Size effect of nanometer structure devices are reviewed, placing main emphasis on (i) drift velocity overshoot, (ii) hot electron effect in short MOSFET, (iii) high field transport of two dimensional electrons in MOS inversion layers, (iv) self-consistent calculations of two dimensional electron density in n-AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs heterostructures and (v) a novel quantum well device “single quantum well transistor (SQWT)” proposed by the present authors. Experiments are performed in short n+n n+GaAs and very short channel MOSFETs. Analysis is made by using semiclassical treatment and Monte Carlo simulation. Self-consistent calculations are carried out on the two-dimensional electron gas formed in MOS inversion layers, n-AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs heterostructures and AlxG...

1781617599

Perfluorooctanoic acid exposure triggers oxidative stress in the mouse pancreas

Toxicology Reports, 2014

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is used in the manufacture of many industrial and commercial products. PFOA does not readily decompose in the environment, and is biologically persistent. Human epidemiologic and animal studies suggest that PFOA exposure elicits adverse effects on the pancreas. While multiple animal studies have examined PFOA-mediated toxicity in the liver, little is known about the potential adverse effects of PFOA on the pancreas. To address this, we treated C57Bl/6 mice with vehicle, or PFOA at doses of 0.5, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg BW/day for 7 days. Significant accumulation of PFOA was found in the serum, liver and pancreas of PFOA-treated animals. Histopathologic examination of the pancreas revealed focal ductal hyperplasia in mice treated with 2....

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