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Low-temperature in-situ growth of high-coercivity Fe-Pt films
IEEE Trans. Magn., 2001
FePt films with high coercivity, large energy product and corrosion resistance, have high potential in applications such as MEMs and ultra-high density magnetic recording. Much attention has been paid to the preparation of high quality films at substrate/annealing temperatures as low as possible to accommodate processing adopted in the manufacture of MEMs or sensors. In this study Fe/sub x/Pt/sub 1-x/ thin films were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering onto Si[100] and CrMo-seeded glass substrates at a substrate temperature (Ts) 30 to 600/spl deg/C with or without further post-annealing. Optimum magnetic properties of our studied films were obtained at the Fe/sub 53/Pt/sub 47/ composition as-deposited at Ts 300/spl deg/C. The in-plane coercivity (Hc) is 8 k...
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4.4.2 INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook v3.2: Improving the Process for SE Practitioners
INCOSE International Symp, 2010
The INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook is the official INCOSE reference document for understanding systems engineering (SE) methods and conducting SE activities. Over the years, the Handbook has evolved to accommodate advances in the SE discipline and now serves as the basis for the Certified Systems Engineering Professional (CSEP) exam. Due to its evolution, the Handbook had become somewhat disjointed in its treatment and presentation of SE topics and was not aligned with the latest version of International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 15288:2008, Systems and Software Engineering. As a result, numerous inconsistencies were identified that could confuse practitioners and directly impact the probabili...
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Proposal of Physical-Statistical Model of Thermal Aging Respecting Threshold Value
Energies, 2017
The aging of electrical insulation material or a system is a main issue for designers of high-voltage (HV) machines. Precise determination of the life cycle of electrical insulation is one way of improving the efficiency of electrical machines involved in the production and transmission of electrical energy. Much effort has been devoted to preparing statistical or physical methods of Electrical Insulating System (EIS) life time estimation in the real operation of electrical machinery. The main aim of this paper is to introduce a new physical-statistical model of thermal aging respecting the threshold value. This model is based on thermal aging model and the main difference between this model and previously published models is taking into account the threshol...
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Reading, Writing, and Raisinets: Are School Finances Contributing to Children's Obesity?
SSRN Journal, 2004
The proportion of adolescents in the United States who are obese has nearly tripled over the last two decades. At the same time, schools, often citing financial pressures, have given students greater access to foods and soda pop, using proceeds from these sales to fund school programs. We examine whether schools under financial pressure are more likely to adopt potentially unhealthful food policies. Next, we examine whether students' Body Mass Index (BMI) is higher in counties where a greater proportion of schools are predicted to allow these food policies. Because the financial pressure variables that predict school food policies are unlikely to affect BMI directly, this two step estimation strategy addresses the potential endogeneity of school food policie...
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A digital phase‐locked loop for stuffing synchronization systems
Electron. Comm. Jpn. Pt. I, 1992
Stuffing synchronization systems are now being applied actively to new fields such as digital cross-connect and SONET. In stuffing synchronization systems, however, the analog PLLs are still used for the receive destuffmg circuitry. This paper describes a method of applying a complete second-order digital phase-locked loop (PLL) to a stuffing synchronization system. In the PLL used for the stuffing synchronization systems, a buffer memory consisting of an N-stage frequency divider is provided in order to suppress jitter. This paper analyzes first the effects on the DPLL resulting from the incorporation of an N-stage frequency divider based on a multilevel quantized phase comparator. The characteristics parameters of the complete second-order DPLL when the N-...
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In vivo modulation of gastrointestinal motor activity by Met-enkephalin, morphine and enkephalin analogs in chickens
Regulatory Peptides, 1993
The main objectives of this work have been to study (1) whether or not opioid effects on gastrointestinal motility in chicken are mediated through central or peripheral pathways; (2) the receptors involved; (3) the correlation of the motor response to the distribution of Met-enkephalin in the gastrointestinal tract and (4) to evaluate the physiological role of endogenous opioids in spontaneous MMCs. Intravenous infusion of Met-enkephalin and morphine (5 x 10(-7) mol/kg) induced gastric inhibition and a migrating intestinal hyperactivity. Induced intestinal activity was faster in vagotomized chickens. In the stomach there was a correlation between the duration of the inhibitory response and the affinity of the agonists for mu-receptors ([D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Gly5...
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Neuropeptide S inhibits the acquisition and the expression of conditioned place preference to morphine in mice
Peptides, 2009
Neuropeptide S (NPS), a recently identified bioactive peptide, was reported to regulate arousal, anxiety, motoring and feeding behaviors. NPS precursor and NPS receptor mRNA were found in the amygdala, the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the substantia nigra, the area thought to modulate rewarding properties of drugs. In the present study, we examined the influence of NPS on the rewarding action of morphine, using the unbiased conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Morphine (1, 3 and 6 nmol, i.c.v.) induced a significant place preference. For testing the effect of NPS on the acquisition of morphine CPP, mice were given the combination of NPS and morphine on the conditioning days, and without drug treatment on the followed test day. To study the effect...
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Effects of Erythropoietin on Neuronal Activity
Journal of Neurochemistry, 1999
Abstract: Recently, erythropoietin (EPO) receptors and synthesis of EPO have been identified in the brain. To clarify the effects of EPO on neuronal cells, we investigated the effects of EPO on Ca 2+ uptake, intracellular Ca 2+ concentration, membrane potential, cell survival, release and biosynthesis of dopamine, and nitric oxide (NO) production in differentiated PC12 cells, which possess EPO receptors. EPO (10 ‐12 ‐10 ‐10 M ) increased 45 Ca 2+ uptake and intracellular Ca 2+ concentration in PC12 cells in a dose‐related manner; these increases were inhibited by nicardipine (1 μ M ) or anti‐EPO antibody (1:100 dilution). EPO induced membrane depolarization in PC12 cells. After a 5‐day culture without serum and nerve growth factor (NGF), viable ...
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Time-course and dose–response study on the effects of chronic l-DOPA administration on striatal dopamine levels and dopamine transporter following MPTP toxicity
Brain Research, 2000
Despite a long-lasting therapeutic use of L-DOPA in Parkinson's disease, doubts still remain concerning the possibility that chronic L-DOPA might accelerate the progression of this movement disorder. To address this point, in the present study we examined the effects of chronic L-DOPA administration either in intact or MPTP-treated parkinsonian mice. We produced an intermediate striatal dopamine loss by administering a low dose of MPTP (30 mg/kg); then, we treated mice chronically, for different time intervals, with a daily dose of L-DOPA (50 mg/kg). In particular, to study the time-course of the effects of L-DOPA on the recovery of nigrostriatal dopamine axons, mice were sacrificed at 5, 30, 60, and 90 days after a daily L-DOPA administration. To evaluate p...
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Desulfurization by Oxidation/Adsorption Scheme over Ti3(PW12O40)4Catalyst
Petroleum Science and Technology, 2008
Abstract Due to the future specifications for sulfur content in gasoline, a lot of research work has been done to develop alternative methods for desulfurization. This work presents the results for the desulfurization by oxidation/adsorption scheme over Ti3(PW12 O40)4 catalyst. The desulfurization experiment was performed with hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2) as the oxidant in the presence of Ti3(PW12 O40)4/SiO2-Al2 O3 catalyst and adsorbent prepared by the sol-gel method, by using dibenzothiphene (DBT) in petroleum ether as the model compound. The efficiency of Ti3(PW12 O40)4/SiO2-Al2 O3 catalyst and adsorbent prepared by the sol-gel method towards DBT adsorption from model compound was studied. The effects of titanium content of the adsorbent and the reaction con...
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Summary of discussions
Experimental Cell Research, 1963
The frequency of induced micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) was compared in BALB/c, C57BL/6, and DBA/2 mice after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR), 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR), cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), 5-bromouracil (5-BU), thymidine (TdR), uridine (UdR), adenosine (AdR) and guanosine (GdR). The experimental procedure was a single i.p. injection followed by harvest at 30 h. The frequency of MNPCEs was significantly increased in all strains by treatment with BUdR, FUdR, Ara-C and 6-MP compared to vehicle control. TdR and UdR induced MNPCEs slightly in BALB/c mice but showed no effect on C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice. 5-BU, AdR, and GdR did not increase the frequency of MNPCEs in any mouse st...
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Profound hyponatremia in cirrhosis: a case report
Cases Journal, 2010
Cirrhosis of the liver commonly leads to a state of chronic hypervolemic hyponatremia. Profound exacerbation of the hyponatremic state may occur in patients with decompensated cirrhosis in conjunction with acute stressors such as infection or binge alcohol ingestion.A 47 year old man with a history of alcoholic cirrhosis presented to the hospital with symptomatic profound hyponatremia (serum sodium concentration of 105 meq/L) due to a recent infection and binge drinking. The patient was treated with antibiotics, diuretics and hypertonic saline and was placed on a fluid restricted diet. The serum sodium level corrected slowly over four days with symptomatic improvement occurring after two days. A brief discussion of the symptoms and treatment of acute and chr...
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Non‐Essential Role of Prolactin in the Hormonal Restoration of Lactation in Goats with Radio Frequency Hypothalamic Lesions
Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 1963
Gale, C. C. Non-essential role of prolactin in the hormonal restoration of lactation in goats with radio frequency hypothalamic lesions. Acta physiol. scand. 1963. 59. 269–283.–Coagulation of the median eminence by radio frequency heating in three of four lactating goats caused an abrupt onset of diabetes insipidus and a decline in milk production to 15 to 30 per cent of pre-lesion levels. One goat with unilateral injury in the median eminence developed diabetes insipidus briefly but showed little block of lactation. In goats with depressed lactation, the administration of ACTH, STH, T3, and insulin restored milk production to, or above, pre-lesion levels. Since no deficiency in secretion of prolactin could be demonstrated in goats with hypothalamic regu...
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A Study on Large Power Jet Ventilation Technology in Long Tunnel Construction
AMM, 2011
One of difficulties in super long tunnels’ construction is the construction ventilation to meet the requirement of normal construction environment and assure the workers’ health. Using traditional tunnelling ventilation is very difficult to meet the need of super long tunnel construction. As the energy assumption is high and it is very expensive. This paper investigated the simulation of tunnel construction ventilation with large power jet fans during the construction of Jinping Auxiliary Tunnels by using the computational fluid code FLUENT, the layout of jet fans in the tunnels is optimized. It is found that the best layout of the jet fan is aroud the transverse channel under the direction of airflow and jet fan should not be too far away from the trans...
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Activity‐dependent regulation of the dopamine transporter is mediated by Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase signaling
Eur J of Neuroscience, 2008
The mechanisms regulating expression of the dopamine transporter are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that neuronal activity is one of the non-genetic determinants of dopamine transporter abundance. Sustained changes in neuronal activity caused by tetrodotoxin and 4-aminopyridine altered the dopamine uptake and abundance of dopamine transporter and its mRNA in rat mesencephalic cultures. The altered neuronal activity caused by these two drugs is accompanied by changes in intracellular calcium concentrations and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein (CaM) kinase II activity in dopamine neurons. Chronic treatment with an L-type calcium channel blocker (nifedipine) or CaM kinase inhibitor (KN93) decreased dopamine transporter-mediated uptake and occlud...
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Bayesian Spatio-Temporal Approach for EEG Source Reconstruction: Conciliating ECD and Distributed Models
IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 2006
Characterizing the cortical activity sources of electroencephalography (EEG)/magnetoencephalography data is a critical issue since it requires solving an ill-posed inverse problem that does not admit a unique solution. Two main different and complementary source models have emerged: equivalent current dipoles (ECD) and distributed linear (DL) models. While ECD models remain highly popular since they provide an easy way to interpret the solutions, DL models (also referred to as imaging techniques) are known to be more realistic and flexible. In this paper, we show how those two representations of the brain electromagnetic activity can be cast into a common general framework yielding an optimal description and estimation of the EEG sources. From this extended ...
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Influence of pH on fermentative hydrogen production from sweet sorghum extract
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010
The present study focused on the influence of pH on the fermentative hydrogen production from the sugars of sweet sorghum extract, in a continuous stirred tank bioreactor. The reactor was operated at a Hydraulic Retention Time of 12 h and a pH range of 3.5–6.5. The maximum hydrogen production rate and yield were obtained at pH 5.3 and were 1752 ± 54 mL H2/d or 3.50 ± 0.07 L H2/L reactor/d and 0.93 ± 0.03 mol H2/mol glucose consumed or 10.51 L H2/kg sweet sorghum, respectively. The main metabolic product at this pH value was butyric acid. The hydrogen productivity and yield were still at high levels for the pH range of 5.3–4.7, suggesting a pH value of 4.7 as optimum for hydrogen production from an economical point of view, since the energy demand for ...
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Functional Surface-immobilization of Genes Using Multistep Strand Displacement Lithography
JoVE, 2018
Immobilization of genes on lithographically structured surfaces allows the study of compartmentalized gene expression processes in an open microfluidic bioreactor system. In contrast to other approaches towards artificial cellular systems, such a setup allows for a continuous supply with gene expression reagents and simultaneous draining of waste products. This facilitates the implementation of cell-free gene expression processes over extended periods of time, which is important for the realization of dynamic gene regulatory feedback systems. Here we provide a detailed protocol for the fabrication of genetic biochips using a simple-to-use lithographic technique based on DNA strand displacement reactions, which exclusively uses commercially available componen...
1781625924
Study on Pavement Performance of Reclaimed Asphalt Mixture
AMR, 2011
In order to improve the pavement performance of reclaimed asphalt mixture, using Marshall test, rutting test, splitting test and long-term aging test, taking stability, dynamic stability, fatigue strength, stiffness modulus, and freeze-thaw splitting tension strength as the target, the influence law of old asphalt mixture content and regenerant content on pavement performance of reclaimed asphalt mixture is systematically studied. The results show that: the proportion of old asphalt mixture has no influence on high temperature performance of reclaimed asphalt mixture. With the proportion of old mixture increases, the optimum asphalt-aggregate ratio, low temperature performance, water stability, and anti-aging property of reclaimed asphalt mixture decrease. A...
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Strain ratio effects on low-cycle fatigue behavior and deformation microstructure of 2124-T851 aluminum alloy
Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2014
The low-cycle fatigue tests of 2124-T851 aluminum alloy with strain ratios of −1, −0.06, 0.06 and 0.5 were conducted under constant amplitude at room temperature. Microstructural and fractographic examinations of the material after fatigue tests were performed by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Firstly, the results showed that the material exhibited cyclic softening characteristic as a whole. The degree of softening decreased linearly with the increasing strain amplitude and the decreasing strain ratio. The lower fatigue life and ductility of the material corresponded to the larger strain ratios. Secondly, microstructure observations revealed that the density and length of slip bands increased with the increa...
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Non-metric gravity: I. Field equations
Class. Quantum Grav., 2007
We describe and study a certain class of modified gravity theories. Our starting point is the Plebanski formulation of gravity in terms of a triple Bi of two-forms, a connection Ai and a 'Lagrange multiplier' field Ψij. The generalization we consider stems from the presence in the action of an extra term proportional to a scalar function of Ψij. As in the usual Plebanski general relativity (GR) case, a certain metric can be constructed from Bi. However, unlike in GR, the connection Ai no longer coincides with the self-dual part of the metric compatible spin connection. Field equations of the theory are shown to be relations between derivatives of the metric and components of field Ψij, as well as its derivatives, the later being in contrast to the GR case...
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Digital workplace: digital transformation for environmental sustainability
IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 2020
Abstract Environmental Sustainability becomes a major issue around the world. Energy consumption and air pollution are some important issues that have been discussed among scholars and practitioners. The purpose of this paper is to examine how digital workplace implementation could contribute to empower environmental sustainability, why this is important and how this can be achieved. We collected the data from UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya and do the simulation if their employees implement the digital workplace for three cases, 50% of the farthest employees, 50% of the nearest employees, and 50% on random. The efficiency of fuel used obtain was 44.39%, 5,61%, and 22.2% respectively. From the simulation, it can be concluded that the application of the digital work...
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Solvent-free synthesis of Fe/N doped hierarchal porous carbon as an ideal electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction
Materials Today Energy, 2020
Fe/N doped porous carbons are promising non-precious electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, it is still hard to synthesize Fe/N doped porous carbons for ORR. Herein, we present a facile solvent-free method to synthesize Fe/N doped porous carbon as an ideal catalyst for ORR using resorcinol resin, Triblock copolymer Pluronic F127 and iron (II) phthalocyanine (FePc). The Fe/N doped porous carbon has uniform mesopores (ca. 7 nm), highly-dispersed FeNx species and FeCx nanoparticles. The Fe/N doped porous carbon showed much high onset potential (0.99 V vs. RHE) on ORR owing to the combination of mesoporosity, highly-dispersed FeNx species and nanoparticles of Fe and FeCx (Fe/FeCx NPs). In addition, the limiting current density improved af...
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Optimizing Surfactant Concentrations for Dispersion of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Aqueous Solution
J. Phys. Chem. B, 2010
The sonication−centrifugation technique is commonly used for dispersing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in aqueous surfactant solutions. However, the methodologies and materials used for this purpose are widely varied, and few dispersive agents have been studied systematically. This work describes a systematic study into the ability of some well-known (and some less common) surfactants and polymers to disperse SWCNTs fabricated by two different techniques. UV−vis−NIR absorbance spectra of their supernatant solutions showed that the smaller ionic surfactants were generally more effective dispersants, with larger polymer and surfactant molecules exhibiting a reduced performance for ensembles of carbon nanotubes of smaller average diameter. Optima...
1781625923
Identification of the actc1c cardiac actin gene in zebrafish
Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 2018
Zebrafish is rapidly becoming a key model organism for studying a variety of biological processes from molecules to organisms. Interactions involving actin, a contractile protein and part of the cytoskeleton, are regulated by actin binding proteins in the majority of physiological processes in eukaryotic cells. To understand the contribution of actin proteins to the physiological processes of zebrafish, it is important to identify the diverse isoforms of actin encoded by its genome; however, significant sequence identity complicates isoform assignments. Through a combination of human-directed sequence and functional analysis, we have assigned and performed localization of actc1c, a previously undesignated cardiac actin gene, and propose an updated assignment...
1781625923
Lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in different stages of cervical cancer: Prognostic significance
Indian J Cancer, 2009
Background: Free radical Injury is associated with cancer, but how the extent of oxidative stress correlates with the FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage in Carcinoma Cervix (Ca Cx), and its significance as a prognostic marker, is not clear and needs an in-depth study. Aim: To correlate the blood levels of Lipid Peroxidation (LPO), Reduced Glutathione (GSH), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Vitamin A and E levels with the clinical stage in Ca Cx. Settings and Design: This is a Prospective Case Control Study. Materials and Methods: LPO, SOD, reduced GSH were estimated by Bio Chemical Assays and Vitamins by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Statistical Analysis: The cases and con...
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Cross‐layer design of joint routing and rate control in ad hoc wireless networks
Wireless Communications, 2009
We investigate multi-hop wireless networks in which nodes use adaptive modulation/coding schemes and 802.11-based CSMA/CA MAC. Each node independently selects its cross-layer parameter vector for each packet that it forwards. It entails the setting of the transmission data rate and the identification of the neighboring node to which the packet is forwarded (and thus the selection of the route). We present an analytical model to calculate, for each candidate parameter vector, the corresponding attainable throughput and transport throughput capacity rates. To enable throughput-effective network operations, we present cross-layer schemes under which each node configures its parameter vector by using the transport throughput capacity measures that it computes, f...
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A biomechanical comparison of 4-strand and 5-strand anterior cruciate ligament graft constructs
Orthop Rev (Pavia), 2017
Hamstring tendon autografts are used for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. This study tested the hypothesis that a 5-strand hamstring autograft construct is superior in strength to a 4-strand construct. Four-strand and 5-strand tendon grafts constructs were prepared from ovine flexor tendons and then tested in a uniaxial electromechanical load system with suspensory fixation. The 4-strand and 5-strand constructs were pre-conditioned, stressrelaxed and loaded to ultimate failure. Stress-relaxation, stiffness and ultimate load were compared using a one-way ANOVA. There were no statistical differences in stress-relaxation, initial stiffness, secondary stiffness or ultimate load between 4-strand and 5-strand split tendon graft constructs. Inconsi...
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Synbiotic supplementation in lean patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a pilot, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
Br J Nutr, 2017
Abstract Although non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading aetiology of liver disorders in the world, there is no proven treatment for NAFLD patients with normal or low BMI. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of synbiotics supplementation in NAFLD patients with normal or low BMI. In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial, fifty patients with NAFLD were assigned to take either a synbiotic supplement or a placebo capsule for 28 weeks. Both groups were advised to follow a healthy lifestyle. At the end of the study, hepatic steatosis and fibrosis reduced in both groups; however, the mean reduction was significantly greater in the synbiotic group rather than in the placebo group ( P <0·001). Furthermo...
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Scope and application of therapeutic apheresis: Experience from a tertiary care hospital in North India
Transfusion and Apheresis Science, 2011
Background We present here our experience with therapeutic apheresis (TA) performed for various indications, clinical response and complications in a tertiary care center over last 10 years. Study design and methods Present study is a retrospective analysis of 492 TA procedures performed for 125 patients from January 2000 to December 2009. For each patient: age, gender, weight, clinical indication, pre-procedure hematological profile and ionized calcium levels were recorded. For every procedure following parameters were analyzed: type of venous access (central/peripheral), volume of blood and plasma processed, amount of anticoagulant used, procedure duration, blood flow rate, type of replacement fluid given, response to therapy and adverse reactions. Results...
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Expression of a cyanobacterial sucrose-phosphate synthase from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in transgenic plants
Journal of Experimental Botany, 2003
Sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 lacks all of the Ser residues known to be involved in the regulation of higher plant SPS by protein phosphorylation. The Synechocystis SPS is also not allosterically regulated by glucose 6-phosphate or orthophosphate. To investigate the effects of expressing a potentially unregulated SPS in plants, the Synechocystis sps gene was introduced into tobacco, rice and tomato under the control of constitutive promoters. The Synechocystis SPS protein was expressed at a high level in the plants, which should have been sufficient to increase overall SPS activity 2-8-fold in the leaves. However, SPS activities and carbon partitioning in leaves from transgenic and wild-type plants were n...
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Probabilistic forward model for electroencephalography source analysis
Phys. Med. Biol., 2007
Source localization by electroencephalography (EEG) requires an accurate model of head geometry and tissue conductivity. The estimation of source time courses from EEG or from EEG in conjunction with magnetoencephalography (MEG) requires a forward model consistent with true activity for the best outcome. Although MRI provides an excellent description of soft tissue anatomy, a high resolution model of the skull (the dominant resistive component of the head) requires CT, which is not justified for routine physiological studies. Although a number of techniques have been employed to estimate tissue conductivity, no present techniques provide the noninvasive 3D tomographic mapping of conductivity that would be desirable. We introduce a formalism for probabilistic...
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Flexural behavior of concrete-filled aluminum alloy circular hollow section tubes
Construction and Building Materials, 2018
This paper presents an experimental investigation on flexural behavior of concrete-filled aluminum alloy circular hollow section (CHS) tubes under pure in-plane bending. A total of 28 circular concrete-filled aluminum alloy tubes (CFAT) with nominal concrete cube strengths of 30 MPa and 50 MPa were tested. The flexural strengths, failure modes, flexural stiffness, ductility, bending moment versus mid-span deflection curves, overall vertical deflection curves, bending moment versus longitudinal strain curves and longitudinal strain distribution curves of circular CFAT beams are reported. It is demonstrated that the comparatively large wall thickness of aluminum alloy CHS tube enhanced the bearing capacity, the bending deformation capacity and the ductility of...
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The Contribution of Harold F. Dvorak to the Study of Tumor Angiogenesis and Stroma Generation Mechanisms
Endothelium, 2007
In 1983, Harold Dvorak and his colleagues were the first to show that tumor cells secreted vascular permeability factor (VPF) and that a blocking antibody to VPF could prevent the edema and fluid accumulation that is characteristic of human cancers. In 1986, Dvorak went on to demonstrate that VPF was secreted by a variety of human tumor cell lines and proposed that VPF was in part responsible for the abnormal vasculature seen in human tumors. As a result, he and other investigators demonstrated that VPF was capable of stimulating endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis. These fundamental discoveries led to additional research conducted by Napoleone Ferrara and his laboratory, confirming the cloning of VPF and renaming the protein vascular endothelial growth...
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Effect of novel flow divider type turbulators on fluid flow and heat transfer
Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, 2019
This research article reports the results of experimental and numerical findings on friction coefficient and forced convection heat transfer characteristics for air flow inside a heated tube incorporated by novel flow divider type turbulators. The simulation tests were conducted for turbulent flow regime within the Reynolds number range of 7000–21000. The parameters investigated were the pitch to tube diameter ratio (p/d = 0.54, 0.72 and 1.09), with angle of twist (θ) 90°. The introduction of this novel turbulators induce an extra turbulence near tube wall and thus efficiently disrupt a thermal boundary layer. The experimental as well as numerical simulation test reveals that the heat transfer rate, friction factor and thermal enhancement factor increase...
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Syntheses and study on nickel and copper complexes with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid. Crystal and molecular structure of [Cu3(mdpta)3(btc)](ClO4)3· 4H2O
Polyhedron, 2007
Nickel and copper complexes containing 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, with a combination of selected N-donor ligands and Schiff bases, of the composition Ni3(bimz)6(btc)2 · 12H2O (1), Ni3(btz)9(btc)2 · 12H2O (2), Ni2(L1)(btc) · 7H2O (3), Ni3(L2)2(Hbtc) · 9H2O (4), Ni2(L3)(btc) · 4H2O (5), Cu2(L4)(btc) · 7H2O (6), [Cu3(pmdien)3(btc)](ClO4)3 · 6H2O (7) and [Cu3(mdpta)3(btc)](ClO4)3 · 4H2O (8); H3btc = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, bimz = benzimidazole, btz = 1,2,3-benztriazole, L1 = 2-[(phenylimino)methyl]phenol, L2 = N,N′-bis-(salicylidene)propylenediamine, L3 = 2-{[(2-nitrophenyl)methylene]amino}phenol, L4 = 2-[(4-methoxy-phenylimino)methyl]phenol, pmdien = N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, mdpta = N,N-bis-(3-aminopropyl)methyl...
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PLIF species and ratiometric temperature measurements of aluminum particle combustion in O2, CO2 and N2O oxidizers, and comparison with model calculations
Symposium (International) on Combustion, 1998
Planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) was used to probe the flame structure about single, isolated aluminum particles burning in pure gases of CO 2 and N 2 O and gas mixtures of O 2 , N 2 , and Ar at near atmospheric pressures. Temporally resolved temperature measurements were obtained by a two-camera two-excitation-line PLIF technique. To aid the interpretation of the experimental results, a detailed, diffusionally controlled local equilibrium model of aluminum particle combustion was developed. AlO was found to be a gas-phase intermediate in all combustion environments studied. The measurements confirm the concept of a “limit temperature” in metal combustion and support the local equilibrium model. The model predicts the pressure dependence of the m...
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Detection of chromosomal abnormalities using high resolution arrays in clinical cancer research
Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 2011
In clinical cancer research, high throughput genomic technologies are increasingly used to identify copy number aberrations. However, the admixture of tumor and stromal cells and the inherent karyotypic heterogeneity of most of the solid tumor samples make this task highly challenging. Here, we propose a robust two-step strategy to detect copy number aberrations in such a context. A spatial mixture model is first used to fit the preprocessed data. Then, a calling algorithm is applied to classify the genomic segments in three biologically meaningful states (copy loss, copy gain and modal copy). The results of a simulation study show the good properties of the proposed procedure with complex patterns of genomic aberrations. The interest of the proposed procedu...
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Endosulfan and Cypermethrin Pesticide Mixture Induces Synergistic or Antagonistic Effects on Developmental Exposed Rats Depending on the Analyzed Behavioral or Neurochemical End Points
ACS Chem. Neurosci., 2017
Exposure to pesticides has been associated with neurodevelopmental toxicity. Usually people are exposed to mixtures of pesticides. However, most studies analyze the effects of individual pesticides. Developmental exposure to mixtures of pesticides may result in additive effects or in antagonistic or synergistic effects. The aim of this work was to compare the effects of developmental exposure of rats to cypermethrin or endosulfan with the effects of its mixture on cognitive and motor function and on some underlying mechanisms. Exposure to individual pesticides or the mixture was from gestational day 7 to postnatal day 21. We analyzed the effects, in males and females, on spatial learning and memory, associative learning, anxiety, motor coordination, and spon...
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Increase in K+ and alpha-AIB active transport in CHO cells after low [K+] treatment
American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, 1982
We have studied the effects of prolonged incubation in low [K+] medium (approximately 0.3 mM) on both K+ and amino acid transport in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. When incubated in low [K+] medium, CHO cells redressed partially the loss of intracellular K+ after 12 h. After 24 h of incubation, both the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase in crude homogenates, and the transport capacity (Vmax) for ouabain-sensitive (i.e., active) K+ influx approximately doubled. The magnitude of the ouabain-insensitive (i.e., passive) K+ influx decreased by 50%. Thus the regulatory response involves an apparent increase in Na+-K+ pump and a decrease in K+ leak. The transport capacity for the nonmetabolized amino acid, alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (alpha-AIB), also increased after 24...
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Palliative psychiatry for severe persistent mental illness as a new approach to psychiatry? Definition, scope, benefits, and risks
BMC Psychiatry, 2016
As a significant proportion of patients receiving palliative care suffer from states of anxiety, depression, delirium, or other mental symptoms, psychiatry and palliative care already collaborate closely in the palliative care of medical conditions. Despite this well-established involvement of psychiatrists in palliative care, psychiatry does not currently explicitly provide palliative care for patients with mental illness outside the context of terminal medical illness. Based on the WHO definition of palliative care, a, a working definition of palliative psychiatry is proposed. Palliative psychiatry focuses on mental health rather than medical/physical issues. We propose that the beneficiaries of palliative psychiatry are patients with severe persistent men...
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Stochastic Vibration-Based Fragility Analysis of Middle-Story RC Frames
AMR, 2011
A lot of reinforced concrete (RC) frames have being collapsed during Si Chuan Earthquake (SCE) in western China May 12 th .2008, at the same time others have being injured on several levers. In recent years how to evaluate reliability and fragility of the buildings and search reasonable design practice of seismic strengthening of these buildings is urgent mission. One goal of fragility analysis is set up relation between vulnerability and seismic intensity. A set of stochastic earthquake waves compatible with the response spectrum of China seismic code selected to represent the variability in ground motion. Dynamic inelastic time history analysis was used to analyze the random sample of structures. In the end structural weak position also be pointed as valua...
1781625923
Roasted sausage automatic baking & sales control system design
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 2020
Aiming to the present situation that roasted sausage sales need manual baking, sales so lower efficiency and smaller application range, this article is designed from the hardware model selection, hardware electric circuit design, software design and debugging, entity manufacture, install and debugging and other areas. Combining the computer technology, network communication technology and mobile payment technology in whole, the designed control system is able to feed roasted sausage automatically, automatically transmit to baking area for baking, automatically finish arrange prods and bunch prods after baked, then transport to the warm insulation area to keep warm. The roasted sausage and seasoning cabinet door will be opened automatically after the customer...
1781625923
Structure of CN
x
films (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) deposited by arc sputtering of graphite
J. Superhard Mater., 2007
The structure of a-C and CN x coatings 1–3 μ thick deposited on metal substrates by arc-pulse sputtering of graphite target in nitrogen background at P = (10−2 −5) Pa was studied by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Concentration and depth distribution of nitrogen in CN x depend on progressive saturation of graphite target. Nitrogen-free coatings (x = 0) consist of amorphous matrix with multiwalled nanotubes. Structure of carbon nitride coatings depends on nitrogen concentration. Over the range of CN/CC < 0.15 and CN/CC > 0.4 CN x coatings are amorphous. The structure of CN0.15
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The effectiveness of biofilter and density of different stocking in aquaponic resirculation systems in the integration of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) and pakchoy plants (Brassica rapa L.)
IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 2020
The availability of land and water for the cultivation process is limited, thus aquaponics cultivation technique is necessary to be considered. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of bio filter at different stocking densities and the effects on the growth of tilapia and pakchoy plants in aquaponic systems. This research was conducted at Romangpolong Village, Bontomarannu District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, from August to October 2018. The study was conducted in the form of factorial experiment with two factors arranged according to a randomized block design. The first factor was the treatment of biofilter with bioball filter media which consisted of three levels: without bioball, 25 bioballs, 50 bioballs. The second factor was the density of ...
1781625923
Testing of Autonomous Onboard Device for Small Aircraft Flight Safety Improving in Central Asia countries
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 2020
This article is devoted to the issue of ensuring the safety of small aircraft flights in the airspace of the Central Asian countries. In this regard an analysis of known technical solutions has been carried out. The results of the analysis are presented in the article used as the basis for an automated system of the small aircraft flight path monitoring using global navigation satellite systems and low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems developing. This automated system aims to increase the efficiency of an organization of search and rescue efforts. One of the elements of the automated system is an onboard terminal, which is a remote technical mean installed on the aircraft. To this end during operation, the onboard terminal is vulnerable to environ...
1781625923
Fertilization antigen (FA-1) completely blocks human sperm binding to human zona pellucida: FA-1 antigen may be a sperm receptor for zona pellucida in humans
Journal of Reproductive Immunology, 1995
The effects of purified human sperm fertilization antigen-1 (FA-1), affinity-purified monoclonal Fab' antibody to FA-1, and monoclonal Fab' antibody to phosphotyrosine residues on human sperm-zona interaction were investigated. The purified FA-1 antigen completely blocked sperm binding to zona pellucida (P < 0.0001). Also, the monoclonal Fab' antibodies to FA-1 antigen and phosphotyrosine residues significantly (P < 0.05) reduced sperm-zona pellucidae and the antibodies were preincubated with sperm before insemination and not vice versa. These results suggest that the tyrosine phosphorylation especially of FA-1 antigen has an important role in zona pellucida receptor recognition and binding. These findings also suggest that FA-1 antigen may be the sperm rece...
1781625922
Dynamic blockage in an exclusion process
J. Phys. A: Math. Theor., 2014
We study an asymmetric exclusion model with one dynamic roadblock particle. The roadblock particle is allowed to move diffusively as well as by long-range jumps mimicking an unbinding/rebinding process. Using Monte Carlo simulations and analytical arguments, the two types of roadblock moves are considered both separately and in combination. Several interesting dynamic phenomena are observed. The long-range jumps of the roadblock lead to a current that depends on the number of particles in the system rather than on the particle density, and thus scales linearly with the system size (up to a critical size). This behavior can be explained by a collective motion of all particles following the roadblock. The diffusive roadblock movements on the other hand lead to...
1781625922
Study on the ratio and properties of the slurry of light insulation masonry with volcanic slag
IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 2017
Volcanic slag is a kind of natural high quality porous material, and it has a good thermal insulation effect, and it is an extremely rich natural resource. Therefore, this paper adopts the natural volcanic slag as the aggregate to build the insulation mortar mix design for the slag masonry, and tests the related performance of the mortar. The results show that adopts natural volcanic slag as the aggregate and the cement use fly ash to replace, and the appropriate uniform sealing pores were introduced into the mortar mix. The performance of the manufactured products can meet the requirements of JC/T890. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of lightweight masonry mortar is less than 0.14W/(m•K), and the frost resistance is greater than 100 times, and it i...
1781625922
Load-Carrying Capacity of Glass Panel on Different Wind Pressure Conditions
AMR, 2010
The variable regulation of maximum principle stress and deflection of glass panel in hidden curtain wall were analyzed by using uniform negative and positive wind pressure tests. The curve of maximum principle stress and deflection were compared in the two different wind pressure conditions. The glass panel used in specimen is monolithic toughened glass. The dimension of the glass panel is 1000mm×1000mm and its thickness is 6mm. The dimension of silicone structural sealant is 12mm×8mm. Test result indicated that the maximum principle stress and deflection of every test point increase linearly with the increasing of the uniform load from 0.5kPa to 2.0kPa; the curve of maximum principle stress and flexural performance of glass panel have obvious differences ...
1781625922
Analysis of thermal cycles and working fluids for power generation in space
Energy Conversion and Management, 2007
Production of power in space for terrestrial use is of great interest in view of the rapidly rising power demand and its environmental impacts. Space also offers a very low temperature, making it a perfect heat sink for power plants, thus offering much higher efficiencies. This paper focuses on the evaluation and analysis of thermal Brayton, Ericsson and Rankine power cycles operating at space conditions on several appropriate working fluids. Under the examined conditions, the thermal efficiency of Brayton cycles reaches 63%, Ericsson 74%, and Rankine 85%. These efficiencies are significantly higher than those for the computed or real terrestrial cycles: by up to 45% for the Brayton, and 17% for the Ericsson; remarkably 44% for the Rankine cycle even when co...
1781625922
Challenges of nuclear power for sustainable role in Korean energy policy
Energy Conversion and Management, 2008
This study aims to introduce the current role of nuclear power in Korea as the economic resource and low carbon emitter using WASP-IV (Wien Automatic System Planning Package) code for the long term electric power expansion planning. The current role of nuclear power in the long term power expansion is expressed as the portion of installed or generation capacity comparing coal, LNG or renewables. Analysis on the nuclear role is carried out in terms of the total power system operation cost, benefit of carbon reduction and stable power supply. The objective and approach of this study are to compare the different types of scenarios in terms of the system cost changes, CO2 emission reduction and system reliability. The results from this analysis are useful for th...
1781625922
Chicken semen cryopreservation and use for the restoration of rare genetic resources
Poultry Science, 2019
For the past 50 yr, practices for ex situ preservation of endangered breeds have been extended. Semen and primordial germ cells, gonadic tissues have been frozen to create genetic stocks of chicken genetic diversity in cryobanks. Semen cryopreservation stays the preferred method since it is not invasive. Many protocols have been developed to cryopreserve chicken semen, but they give highly variable success rate. The aim of the present study was to standardize and prove the effectiveness of semen long-term storage for the restitution of lost families. We showed that semen straws stored for 18 yr in liquid nitrogen did not lose their fertilizing ability. We demonstrated the usefulness of cryopreserved semen stored in the French National Cryobank for the recove...
1781625922
Natural Killer T Cells in Mucosal Homeostasis
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2004
Abstract: The mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT), including the gut-associated lymphoid tissues, are a tightly regulated environment. In fact, it might be stated that on the basis of studies from animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the major means of peripheral regulation of immune responses in the intestine is not necessarily from processes such as deletion or anergy, but more likely from the controls imposed upon responses due to the activities of a variety of regulatory subsets of cells. One type of regulatory cellular subset that has recently gained attention is the subset of T cells that are associated with CD1d-restricted responses. Recently, CD1d-restricted T cells have been increasingly appreciated to play a significant role in...
1781625922
Optical and Hydrogen Sensitive Properties of Platinum-Doped Tungsten Oxide Films
KEM, 2011
As a type of the novel semiconductor materials, tungsten oxide (WO3) is applied extensively in recent years for its electrochromic property. It has been widely used in many different applications, such as electrochromic windows, optical devices, fuel cells, gas sensors, and photocatalyst materials, etc. Based on the study on the preparation of platinum-doped WO3 films, we studied the optical and hydrogen sensitive properties of the films. In this work, firstly, the preparation method of the platinum-doped WO3 films was discussed. Secondly, we studied the transmissivity of the films. Thirdly, the restoration and the repeatability of the films was discussed. This work can provide theory support for the design of optic-fiber sensor for hydrogen concentration me...
1781625922
Fluctuating environments drive insect swarms into a new state that is robust to perturbations
EPL, 2018
In contrast with laboratory insect swarms, wild insect swarms display significant coordinated behaviour. Here it is hypothesised that the presence of a fluctuating environment drives the formation of transient, local order (synchronized subgroups), and that this local order pushes the swarm as a whole into a new state that is robust to environmental perturbations. The hypothesis finds support in a theoretical analysis and in an analysis of pre-existing telemetry data for swarming mosquitoes. I suggest that local order is sufficient to make swarms fault-tolerant and that the swarm state and structure may be tuneable with environmental noise as a control parameter. The new theory opens a window onto thermodynamic descriptions of swarm behaviours and extends a ...
1781625922
Insulation Tests of Transformers as Influenced by Time and Frequency
Trans. Am. Inst. Electr. Eng., 1924
Many transformers are now being designed for service with one end of the high-voltage winding solidly grounded. These transformers require an overpotential test by induced voltage of either 2.73 or 8.46 times their normal line voltage above ground plus 1000 volts. These tests must be made at more than normal frequency, to avoid too high a flux density in the core, and also to reduce the power required for excitation. It has long been known that the breakdown voltage of solid materials was affected by the length of time of application of voltage. Likewise the frequency of the applied voltage is shown to affect the breakdown voltage for solid insulations, increase in the frequency resulting in a decreased breakdown voltage. The voltage required for creepage fa...
1781625922
Endocannabinoids Have Opposing Effects On Behavioral Responses To Nociceptive And Non-nociceptive Stimuli
Sci Rep, 2017
Abstract The endocannabinoid system is thought to modulate nociceptive signaling making it a potential therapeutic target for treating pain. However, there is evidence that endocannabinoids have both pro- and anti-nociceptive effects. In previous studies using Hirudo verbana (the medicinal leech), endocannabinoids were found to depress nociceptive synapses, but enhance non-nociceptive synapses. Here we examined whether endocannabinoids have similar bidirectional effects on behavioral responses to nociceptive vs. non-nociceptive stimuli in vivo . Hirudo were injected with either the 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) or anandamide and tested for changes in response to nociceptive and non-nociceptive stimuli. Both endocannabinoids enhanced responses to non-nocicept...
1781625922
The Medical Demands of the Special Athlete
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 1998
Objective To identify the most common injuries and medical conditions experienced by the mentally handicapped athlete during Special Olympic competition. Design A longitudinal, observational, and prospective study. Setting Hawaii Special Olympic Summer Games, 1993–1996. Participants A total of 2326 athletic participants were registered during a 4-year period in the Hawaii Special Olympic Summer Games. The athletes ranged in age from 8 to 76 years. Intervention Medical encounter forms were documented by physicians and nurses on participants treated at aid stations located at the athletic venues and Olympic village during competition. Main Outcome Measures The number and type of injuries and medical conditions encountered during Special Olympic competition w...
1781625922
Ratiometric Upconversion Luminescence Nanoprobe with Near-Infrared Ag2S Nanodots as the Energy Acceptor for Sensing and Imaging of pH in Vivo
Anal. Chem., 2019
A luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) system was successfully developed using near-infrared (NIR) Ag2S nanodots (NDs) as the energy acceptors and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as the energy donors. The system possessing the properties of NIR excitation (980 nm) and NIR emission (795 nm) was used for the ratiometric detection and bioimaging of pH in tumor cells and zebrafish. Glutathione and mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) co-modified Ag2S NDs (GM-Ag2S NDs) were prepared by ligand exchange with an excellent pH-responsive property over a pH range of 4.0 to 9.0. The NIR GM-Ag2S NDs were covalently grafted with silica coated UCNPs, and an efficient LRET platform was developed via modulation of the thickness of the silica coating. Due to the LRET proc...
1781625922
[P4–225]: HIPPOCAMPAL TEXTURE PREDICTS RATE OF COGNITIVE DECLINE IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Alzheimer's & Dementia, 2017
Recent advances in Alzheimer disease neuroimaging enable the identification of individuals with underlying hippocampal atrophy, amyloid plaque, and tau burden. However, whether all such individuals will have similar rates of cognitive decline and progress towards clinical dementia is unknown. Novel neuroimaging markers including hippocampal texture could complement current neuroimaging biomarkers and assist in better stratification of individuals most at risk towards cognitive decline. Baseline, one and two-year MRI scans of subjects with healthy Control (HC), MCI and Alzheimer dementia (AD) at baseline from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database were used to compute baseline hippocampal texture and one and two-year hippocampal atrop...
1781625922
Winter tillage with the incorporation of stubble reduces the net global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity of double-cropping rice fields
Soil and Tillage Research, 2018
Tillage with the incorporation of stubble is a common practice in rice cultivation, but its effect on the net global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) is poorly documented. A three-year field experiment in a double-cropping rice system was conducted to investigate the rate of sequestration of soil organic carbon, CH4 and N2O emissions, the net GWP and the GHGI. Two timings of tillage with three amounts of stubble incorporation were prepared: winter tillage (tillage after the harvest of late rice) and spring tillage (tillage before the transplantation of early rice) with no (0 t ha−1), low (3.5 t ha−1) and high (5.2 t ha−1) amounts of stubble incorporation. The results showed that the rates of sequestration of soil organic carb...
1781625922
Frailty as a Major Factor in the Increased Risk of Death and Disability in Older People With Diabetes
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2016
To assess the role of frailty in predicting death and incident disability in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Prospective cohort study.Community dwelling.A total of 1825 individuals ≥65 years old recruited between June 2006 and September 2009 were followed for a median of 5.5 years for mortality and 4.98 years for incident functional disability in activities of daily living. Self-reported diabetes, comorbidities (Charlson index), cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases, drug treatments, Frailty Trait Score (FTS) and Frailty Index (FI), activities of daily living, heart rate, and blood pressure among others were collected at baseline.Survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier), adjusted Cox proportional-hazards models, and binary logistic regression were used t...
1781625922
Structure−Activity Relationship Studies for the Peptide Portion of the Bladder Epithelial Cell Antiproliferative Factor from Interstitial Cystitis Patients
J. Med. Chem., 2008
We performed comprehensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on the peptide portion of antiproliferative factor (APF), a sialylated frizzled-8 related glycopeptide that inhibits normal bladder epithelial and urothelial carcinoma cell proliferation. Glycopeptide derivatives were synthesized by solid-phase methods using standard Fmoc chemistry and purified by RP-HPLC; all intermediate and final products were verified by HPLC-MS and NMR analyses. Antiproliferative activity of each derivative was determined by inhibition of (3)H-thymidine incorporation in primary normal human bladder epithelial cells. Structural components of the peptide segment of APF that proved to be important for biological activity included the presence of at least eight of the ...
1781625922
Estimating cardiomyofiber strain in vivo by solving a computational model
Medical Image Analysis, 2021
Since heart contraction results from the electrically activated contraction of millions of cardiomyocytes, a measure of cardiomyocyte shortening mechanistically underlies cardiac contraction. In this work we aim to measure preferential aggregate cardiomyocyte ("myofiber") strains based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data acquired to measure both voxel-wise displacements through systole and myofiber orientation. In order to reduce the effect of experimental noise on the computed myofiber strains, we recast the strains calculation as the solution of a boundary value problem (BVP). This approach does not require a calibrated material model, and consequently is independent of specific myocardial material properties. The solution to this auxiliary BVP is the...
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Investigation into the Effects of Suspension Characteristics and Design Parameters on the Performance of Tracked Vehicles using an Advanced Computer Simulation Model
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Transport Engineering, 1988
This paper describes the results of an investigation into the effects of the characteristics of the suspension system, initial track tension, vehicle weight and location of the centre of gravity on the tractive performance of tracked vehicles over unprepared terrain. The investigation was carried out using a newly developed computer simulation model NTVPM-86. The results show that the suspension characteristics, initial track tension and vehicle weight have noticeable effects on the mobility of tracked vehicles over marginal terrain, while the location of the centre of gravity, within the normal range, has a less significant influence on the tractive performance. It is demonstrated that the simulation model NTVPM-86 can play a significant role in the optimiz...
1781625921
Aerodynamic periodicity of transient aerodynamic forces of flexible plunging airfoils
Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2021
For flapping micro-air vehicles, periodical aerodynamics in every plunging period is always desired in the design of aircraft controlling system. During the periodic plunges of rigid airfoil, either periodical or non-periodical aerodynamic forces can be generated. Real airfoils are usually flexible so that the effect of flexibility on unsteady characteristics of aerodynamic periodicity should be considered. In this study, a fluid structure interaction analysis is employed to systematically investigate the aerodynamic periodicity of a periodically plunging flexible airfoil. The influences of several dimensionless kinematic and structural parameters on aerodynamic periodicity are investigated. The results show that the aerodynamic periodicity of plunging flexi...
1781625921
Compressed liquid densities and excess molar volumes for (CO2+ 1-pentanol) binary system at temperatures from 313 to 363 K and pressures up to 25 MPa
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2008
Measurements of compressed liquid densities for 1-pentanol and for {CO2 (1) + 1-pentanol (2)} system were carried out at temperatures from 313 K to 363 K and pressures up to 25 MPa. Densities were measured for binary mixtures at 10 different compositions, x1 = 0.0816, 0.1347, 0.3624, 0.4651, 0.6054, 0.7274, 0.8067, 0.8573, 0.9216, and 0.9757. A vibrating tube densimeter was used to perform density measurements using two reference calibration fluids. The uncertainty is estimated to be better than ±0.2 kg · m−3 for the experimental density measurements. For each mixture and for 1-pentanol, the experimental densities were correlated using an explicit volume equation of six parameters and an 11-parameter equation of state (EoS). Excess molar volumes were det...
1781625921
The Roles of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor-Related Peptides and Their Receptors in the Cardiovascular System
CPPS, 2006
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), CRF-related peptides and their receptors are present in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues including the immune, reproductive and cardiovascular systems. CRF and urocortin (urocortin 1) bind to the CRF receptor type 1 (CRF(1) receptor) and the CRF receptor type 2 (CRF(2) receptor), whereas urocortin 2 (formerly known as stresscopin related peptide) and urocortin 3 (formerly known as stresscopin) bind with high affinity to the CRF(2) receptor. Recent studies show that urocortin 1, urocortin 2 and urocortin 3 are potent regulators of cardiovascular function. This review highlights the role of cardiovascular CRF and related peptides and its relevance in mediating the adaptive response of the cardiovascular...
1781625921
Output Regulation of Invertible Nonlinear Systems via Robust Dynamic Feedback-Linearization
IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr., 2021
In this article, we address a problem of output regulation for a broad class of invertible multi-input–multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear systems. The system that we consider is assumed to possess a globally defined normal form, in which appropriate invertibility conditions are fulfilled, and to be strongly minimum phase. Asymptotic output regulation is achieved by means of a controller consisting of a preprocessing internal model and of a robust stabilizer. For the design of the latter, a recently developed method is proposed, consisting of interlaced design of dynamic extensions and extended observers that provides a robust version of standard stabilization methods based on feedback-linearization. The method does not presume the knowledge of an accurate model...
1781625921
Exploring equity: How equity norms have been applied implicitly and explicitly in transportation research and practice
Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 2021
By definition, equity is concerned with justice. On a societal level, equity is concerned with the just distribution of resources in society. Because a wide range of theories of just distribution exist, equity considerations are multifaceted and create a normative conceptual space in which theories can be considered, argued, and applied. In the past few decades, the concept of equity has received increasing attention within the transportation literature, both within academic journals and practice-oriented books and reports. These works present various theories of justice, either implicitly or explicitly, within the context of transportation financing, investments, and service allocations. While explicit normative reviews as well as arguments have been presen...
1781625921
A critical appraisal of studies on cyclic fatigue resistance of engine‐driven endodontic instruments
Int Endodontic J, 2019
The endodontic literature contains a plethora of studies on static and dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance tests performed on a large array of rotary or reciprocating nickel–titanium endodontic instruments. It was the aim of this review to summarize the currently available evidence to point out the different outcomes from static versus dynamic tests and to assess whether cyclic fatigue tests provide useful data and information for clinical practice. An electronic literature research in the database PubMed was performed using appropriate search terms, and the titles and abstract were screened for relevance. Language was restricted to English. The review reveals marked differences between the results obtained in static and dynamic tests, and also, the results ...
1781625921
Modeling Tag-Aware Recommendations Based on User Preferences
Int. J. Info. Tech. Dec. Mak., 2015
A recommender system aims at recommending items that users might be interested in. With an increasing popularity of social tagging systems, it becomes urgent to model recommendations on users, items, and tags in a unified way. In this paper, we propose a framework for studying recommender systems by modeling user preferences as a relation on (user, item, tag) triples. We discuss tag-aware recommender systems from two aspects. On the one hand, we compute associations between users and items related to tags by using an adaptive method and recommend tags to users or predict item properties for users. On the other hand, by taking the similarity-based recommendation as a case study, we discuss similarity measures from both qualitative and quantitative perspective...
1781625921
Passive mechanical properties in healthy and infarcted rat left ventricle characterised via a mixture model
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 2021
During the cardiac cycle, electrical excitation is coupled with mechanical response of the myocardium. Besides the active contraction, passive mechanics plays an important role, and its behaviour differs in healthy and diseased hearts as well as among different animal species. The aim of this study is the characterisation of passive mechanical properties in healthy and infarcted rat myocardium by means of mechanical testing and subsequent parameter fitting. Elasticity assessments via uniaxial extension tests are performed on healthy and infarcted tissue samples from left ventricular rat myocardium. In order to fully characterise the orthotropic cardiac tissue, our experimental data are combined with other previously published tests in rats – shear tests on...
1781625921
Point fixed glazing systems: technological and morphological aspects
Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2004
Abstract Significant technological advances have been achieved in the design and building construction of steel and glass in the last two decades. The metal glass support frame has been replaced by further sophisticated technological solutions, for example, the point fixed glazing systems. The minimisation of the visual mass has reached extensive possibilities through the evolution of technology in glass production and the better understanding of the structural potential of glass itself, the technological development of bolted fixings, the introduction of the glazing support attachments of the glass suspension systems and the use for structural stabilisation of cables that reduce to a minimum the amount of metal used. In these new systems, the geometrical co...
1781625921
Concentrations and chemical forms of heavy metals in agricultural soil near the world’s largest and oldest tungsten mine located in China
Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability, 2013
Tungsten (W) mining has taken place in Ganzhou in China for about 100 years. Such long-term W mining may release large amount of metals to soils and waters around these mines. Twenty soil samples were taken from the area around the W mines and 10 soil samples from an area much farther away. These soil samples were analysed for physicochemical properties, heavy metal content and their chemical forms. Results show that long-term W mining significantly increased both total and labile contents of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, but did not, or only slightly, increased the total content of Co, Cr and Ni in the soil near the mine. Average enrichment factor (EF) in the agricultural soils was 4.0, 2.4, 2.2, and 2.0 for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively. The labile fraction was dom...
1781625921
Highly Luminescent Eu3+and Tb3+Macrocyclic Complexes Bearing an Appended Phenanthroline Chromophore
Inorg. Chem., 2002
A two-component ligand system (1) containing 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (DO3A) as the hosting unit for the lanthanide cations and an appended asymmetrically functionalized 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) as the chromophore was synthesized. The 1:1 complexes with Eu(3+), Gd(3+), Tb(3+), and Yb(3+) have been prepared and studied in aqueous solution. For Gd.1, a relaxivity value of 2.4 mM(-1) s(-1) has been measured at 20 MHz and 25 degrees C, which indicates that there are no water molecules in the first coordination sphere of the metal ion. The analysis of high resolution (1)H NMR spectra of Yb.1 supports this view and suggests the direct involvement of the phen moiety in the coordination of the metal ion. For Eu.1 and Tb.1, the absorption...
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Uses and Gratifications Theory in the 21st Century
Mass Communication and Society, 2000
Some mass communications scholars have contended that uses and gratifications is not a rigorous social science theory. In this article, I argue just the opposite, and any attempt to speculate on the future direction of mass communication theory must seriously include the uses and gratifications approach. In this article, I assert that the emergence of computer-mediated communication has revived the significance of use and gratifications. In fact, uses and gratifications has always provided a cutting-edge theoretical approach in the initial stages of each new mass communications medium: newspapers, radio and television, and now the Internet. Although scientists are likely to continue using traditional tools and typologies to answer questions about media use, ...